Geo-spatial, techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of spent lithium-ion battery upcycling to carbon dioxide capture adsorbent: A Mid-Atlantic US case study
Por:
Onwudinjo, FC, Giwa, A, Jolaoso, L, Okoye, PU, Okolie, JA
Publicada:
1 feb 2026
Ahead of Print:
1 ene 2026
Resumen:
This study presents an integrated techno-economic analysis (TEA), lifecycle assessment (LCA) and geospatial analysis of upcycling spent lithium-ion batteries (SLIBs) into lithium orthosilicate (Li4SiO4), a high-temperature CO2 capture sorbent. Complementing previous works focused only on laboratory synthesis, this study combines economic, environmental and GIS modeling to evaluate both process feasibility and optimal regional siting of SLIB upcycling facilities across the United States, Mid-Atlantic region. Seven spatial criteria including population density, road network proximity, CO2 emission sources, land cover, slope, recycling infrastructure, and environmental sensitivity were analyzed using high-resolution datasets to identify the most suitable locations. The GIS model reveals that Central and Western Pennsylvania and Northern West Virginia exhibit the highest suitability. Two upcycling scenarios were compared: Scenario 1, based on conventional acid-leaching and Scenario 2, a proposed pyrolysis-based route. The TEA shows that Scenario 1 yields a minimum selling price (MSP) of US$ 3.49/kg and a payback period (PBP) of approximate to 2 years and 10 months, while Scenario 2 results in an MSP of US$ 3.65/ kg and a PBP of approximate to 3 years. Both pathways are economically feasible. However, Scenario 1 demonstrates a lower production cost and higher net present value under base-case assumptions. Sensitivity analysis identifies the SLIB feedstock price and electricity cost as the dominant cost drivers, where a 30 % reduction in either parameter led to a significant increase in the NPV. Quantitatively, this study provides one of the first spatially resolved TEA framework linking SLIB resource distribution, infrastructure accessibility, and CO2 capture material economics. The proposed integrated TEA-GIS methodology offers a transferable decision-support tool to guide sustainable battery waste upcycling and carbon-capture infrastructure siting.
Filiaciones:
Bucknell Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA
Univ Sharjah, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Chem & Water Desalinat Engn Program, POB 27272, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Syst & Infrastruct Assessment Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA
UNAM, Inst Energias Renovables, Privada Xochicalco S-N,Colonia Azteca, Temixco 62580, Morelos, Mexico
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