Effect of Temperature on Germination and Distribution of Pinus ayacahuite Ehrenb. ex Schltdl. Under Climate Change Scenarios in Mexico


Por: Pedrero-López L.V., Sampayo-Maldonado S., Nabor-Vazquez M.Y., Sánchez-Coronado M.E., Orozco-Segovia A., Dávila Aranda P., Cabrera-Santos D., Rodríguez-Arévalo I., Acosta-Rojas D.C., Flores-Ortíz C.M.

Publicada: 1 ene 2025
Resumen:
© 2025 by the authors.Pinus ayacahuite is an important species for reforestation in Mexico, as it is a pioneer species in open areas. Its regeneration could be threatened by rising temperatures. The effect of a temperature gradient on germination was analyzed, and potential distribution projections of climate change scenarios were modeled at various time scales. Seeds were collected in Huayacocotla, Veracruz; these were germinated under nine constant temperatures (5–45 °C). Germination parameters, cardinal temperatures, and thermal time were estimated using a Gaussian model. Germination occurred between 10 and 40 °C, with optimal, base, and ceiling temperatures of 27 °C, 10 °C, and 42 °C, respectively, and a thermal time (Tt50) of 118.5 °C d-1. Based on climate change projections (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5), NASA’s GISS-E2-1-G model predicts temperature increases from 1.1 to 2.3 °C by 2050 and from 1.7 to 3.6 °C by 2090, which would accelerate germination by 12.9–25 days. However, the species’ potential distribution is projected to decline by 15%–22%, primarily in southern states such as Chiapas, Oaxaca, and Puebla, although it could shift to new suitable areas in Tamaulipas and Nuevo León. These results suggest that while higher temperatures may favor earlier germination, water availability will remain the main limiting factor for successful establishment. Integrating physiological parameters into distribution models offers a stronger foundation for seed storage, conservation, and reforestation strategies in the face of changing climatic conditions.

Filiaciones:
Pedrero-López L.V.:
 Plant Physiology Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico

Sampayo-Maldonado S.:
 Plant Physiology Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico

Nabor-Vazquez M.Y.:
 Plant Physiology Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico

Sánchez-Coronado M.E.:
 Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico

Orozco-Segovia A.:
 Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico

Dávila Aranda P.:
 Natural Resources Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico

Cabrera-Santos D.:
 Plant Physiology Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico

Rodríguez-Arévalo I.:
 Natural Resources Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico

Acosta-Rojas D.C.:
 Millennium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, RH17 6TJ, UK

Flores-Ortíz C.M.:
 Plant Physiology Laboratory, Biology Technology and Prototypes Unit (UBIPRO), FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico
ISSN: 19994907
Editorial
MDPI AG, POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND, Suiza
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 16 Número: 12
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001647310700001
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