Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvaria Using 3D-Printed Scaffolds with Graded Porosity and In Vitro Degradation


Por: Perez-Sanchez, L, Carbajal-Casique, MN, Alvarez-Chimal, R, Alvarez-Perez, MA, Montesinos, JJ, Llaguno-Munive, M, Serrano-Bello, J

Publicada: 30 sep 2025 Ahead of Print: 1 sep 2025
Resumen:
Craniofacial bone defects present a significant clinical challenge due to their structural complexity and potential neurological implications. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold with graded porosity and three pore types was fabricated and subjected to a controlled in vitro degradation process. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which are known for their osteogenic potential, were seeded on the scaffolds to evaluate their osteoconductive performance in a critical-size calvarial defect model in Wistar rats. In vitro assays revealed no significant changes in surface morphology, weight, pH, and mechanical properties over 0, 60, 100, 140, and 180 days of degradation. However, scaffolds degraded for 60 days demonstrated enhanced biological activity in cell-based assays and were therefore selected for in vivo implantation. Microcomputed tomography and bone mineral density analysis indicated that the group receiving degraded scaffolds without cells exhibited the most substantial new bone formation, suggesting effective osteoconductive properties. These findings represent a promising step toward translational medicine and highlight the potential for clinical application, pending further preclinical validation.

Filiaciones:
Perez-Sanchez, L:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Odontol, Div Estudios Posgrad & Invest, Lab Bioingn Tejidos, Circuito Exterior S-N Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Carbajal-Casique, MN:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Odontol, Div Estudios Posgrad & Invest, Lab Bioingn Tejidos, Circuito Exterior S-N Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Alvarez-Chimal, R:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Odontol, Div Estudios Posgrad & Invest, Lab Bioingn Tejidos, Circuito Exterior S-N Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Alvarez-Perez, MA:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Odontol, Div Estudios Posgrad & Invest, Lab Bioingn Tejidos, Circuito Exterior S-N Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Montesinos, JJ:
 Natl Med Ctr IMSS, Oncol Hosp, Oncol Res Unit, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Lab, Mexico City 06720, Mexico

Llaguno-Munive, M:
 Inst Nacl Cancerol, Lab Fis Med, Subdirecc Invest Basica, Mexico City 14080, Mexico

Serrano-Bello, J:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Odontol, Div Estudios Posgrad & Invest, Lab Bioingn Tejidos, Circuito Exterior S-N Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
ISSN: 24701343
Editorial
AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 10 Número: 38
Páginas: 44382-44397
WOS Id: 001573364100001
ID de PubMed: 41048712
imagen Green Submitted, gold, All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Accepted Open Access; Green Open Access

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