Integrated Approach for Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Six Clinical Variants of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase


Por: Hernández-Ochoa B., Gualos-González M.G., Moreno-Hernández J.A., Morales-Luna L., Vázquez-Bautista M., Canseco-Ávila L.M., Pérez de la Cruz V., Arreguin-Espinosa R., Hernández-Urzua E., Enríquez-Flores S., De la Mora-De la Mora I., Cárdenas-Rodríguez N., Bandala C., De Franceschi L., Vidal-Limon A., Gómez-Manzo S.

Publicada: 1 ene 2025
Resumen:
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a widespread enzymopathy affecting approximately 500 million individuals that represents a significant global health issue. Among the more than 230 identified mutations in the G6PD gene, six class A variants—G6PD Utrecht (Pro409Ser), G6PD Suwalki (Pro409Arg), G6PD Merlo (Pro409Gln), G6PD Kawasaki (Gly410Ala), G6PD Shinagawa (Gly410Asp), and G6PD Riverside (Gly410Cys)—are located in the beta-loop near the NADP+ binding site. These mutations are of particular interest due to their association with severe hematologic phenotypes, including chronic hemolytic anemia, as well as their proposed role in the allosteric regulation of G6PD multimerization. This study presents a comprehensive biochemical and functional characterization of these clinically relevant G6PD variants. The variant enzymes were cloned, expressed, and purified for characterization. Kinetic parameters and thermal stability assays, complemented by molecular dynamics simulations (MDS), were employed to elucidate the structural impacts of the mutations. Our results demonstrate that these mutations significantly impair protein function, characterized by reduced affinity for glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and NADP+, as well as altered thermal stability compared with wild-type G6PD. MDS revealed that point mutations in the ßN- and ßM-sheets in the NADP+s region propagate subtle conformational changes, ultimately affecting the NADP+c region and the G6P binding cavity. Furthermore, secondary structure element analyses of the simulation data showed that Pro409 and Gly410 point mutations propagate several changes around residues 195–210 (G6P binding site) and 380–400 (NADP+s), explaining their effect on overall catalytic performance. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying G6PD deficiency and its clinical implications, providing a foundation for future therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the effects of these variants. © 2025 by the authors.

Filiaciones:
Hernández-Ochoa B.:
 Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico

Gualos-González M.G.:
 Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

Moreno-Hernández J.A.:
 Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

Morales-Luna L.:
 Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

 Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico

Vázquez-Bautista M.:
 Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

 Programa de Posgrado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 11340, Mexico

Canseco-Ávila L.M.:
 Laboratorio de Diagnóstico y Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Campus IV, Tapachula City, 30580, Mexico

Pérez de la Cruz V.:
 Neurobiochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico

Arreguin-Espinosa R.:
 Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico

Hernández-Urzua E.:
 Laboratorio de Toxicología Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

Enríquez-Flores S.:
 Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

De la Mora-De la Mora I.:
 Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

Cárdenas-Rodríguez N.:
 Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico

Bandala C.:
 Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, 11340, Mexico

De Franceschi L.:
 Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine-DIMI, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy

Vidal-Limon A.:
 Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico

Gómez-Manzo S.:
 Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico
ISSN: 16616596
Editorial
MDPI AG, POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND, Suiza
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 26 Número: 17
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001588506100001
ID de PubMed: 40943386
imagen All Open Access; Gold Open Access

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