Inside-out, antimicrobial resistance mediated by efflux pumps in clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn wound infections
Por:
Hernández-Durán, M, Colín-Castro, CA, Fernández-Rodriguez, D, Delgado, G, Morales-Espinosa, R, Martínez-Zavaleta, MG, Shekhar, C, Ortíz-Alvarez, J, García-Contreras, R, Franco-Cendejas, R, López-Jácome, LE
Publicada:
1 dic 2024
Ahead of Print:
1 jul 2024
Categoría:
Microbiology
Resumen:
Acinetobacter baumannii belongs to the ESKAPE group. It is classified as a critical priority group by the World Health Organization and a global concern on account of its capacity to acquire and develop resistance mechanisms to multiple antibiotics. Data from the United States indicates 500 deaths annually. Resistance mechanisms of this bacterium include enzymatic pathways such as ss-lactamases, carbapenemases, and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, decreased permeability, and overexpression of efflux pumps. A. baumannii has been demonstrated to possess efflux pumps, which are classified as members of the MATE family, RND and MFS superfamilies, and SMR transporters. The aim of our work was to assess the distribution of efflux pumps and their regulatory gene expression in clinical strains of A. baumannii isolated from burned patients. Methods From the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra collection in Mexico, 199 strains were selected. Antibiotics susceptibilities were performed by broth microdilutions to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations. Phenotypic assays with efflux pump inhibitors were conducted using carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and phenylalanine-arginine ss-naphthylamide (PA ss N) in conjunction with amikacin, ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem and levofloxacin. A search was conducted for structural genes that are linked to efflux pumps, and the relative expression of the adeR, adeS, and adeL genes was analyzed. Results Among a total of 199 strains, 186 exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). Fluoroquinolones demonstrated the highest resistance rates, while minocycline and amikacin displayed comparatively reduced resistance rates (1.5 and 28.1, respectively). The efflux activity of fluorquinolones exhibited the highest phenotypic detection (from 85 to 100%), while IMP demonstrated the lowest activity of 27% with PA ss N and 43.3% with CCCP. Overexpression was observed in adeS and adeL, with adeR exhibiting overexpression.
Concluding that clinical strains of A. baumannii from our institution exhibited efflux pumps as one of the resistance mechanisms.
Filiaciones:
Hernández-Durán, M:
Inst Nacl Rehabil Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Lab Microbiol Clin, Div Infectol, Mexico City, Mexico
Colín-Castro, CA:
Inst Nacl Rehabil Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Lab Microbiol Clin, Div Infectol, Mexico City, Mexico
Fernández-Rodriguez, D:
Inst Nacl Rehabil Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Lab Microbiol Clin, Div Infectol, Mexico City, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Plan Estudios Combinados Med PECEM MD PhD, Mexico City, Mexico
Delgado, G:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Lab Genom Bacteriana, Mexico City, Mexico
Morales-Espinosa, R:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Lab Genom Bacteriana, Mexico City, Mexico
Martínez-Zavaleta, MG:
Inst Nacl Rehabil Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Lab Microbiol Clin, Div Infectol, Mexico City, Mexico
Shekhar, C:
Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Memphis, TN USA
Ortíz-Alvarez, J:
Consejo Nacl Humanidades, Ciencias & Tecnol CONAHCYT, Programa Investigadoras & Investigadores Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
García-Contreras, R:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Lab Bacteriol, Mexico City, Mexico
Franco-Cendejas, R:
Inst Nacl Rehabil Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Biomed Res Subdirect, Mexico City, Mexico
López-Jácome, LE:
Inst Nacl Rehabil Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Lab Microbiol Clin, Div Infectol, Mexico City, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept Biol, Mexico City, Mexico
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