Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Por: Naghavi M., Ong K.L., Aali A., Ababneh H.S., Abate Y.H., Abbafati C., Abbasgholizadeh R., Abbasian M., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbastabar H., Abd ElHafeez S., Abdelmasseh M., Abd-Elsalam S., Abdelwahab A., Abdollahi M., Abdollahifar M.-A., Abdoun M., Abdulah D.M., Abdullahi A., Abebe M., Abebe S.S., Abedi A., Abegaz K.H., Abhilash E.S., Abidi H., Abiodun O., Aboagye R.G., Abolhassani H., Abolmaali M., Abouzid M., Aboye G.B., Abreu L.G., Abrha W.A., Abtahi D., Abu Rumeileh S., Abualruz H., Abubakar B., Abu-Gharbieh E., Abu-Rmeileh N.M., Aburuz S., Abu-Zaid A., Accrombessi M.M.K., Adal T.G., Adamu A.A., Addo I.Y., Addolorato G., Adebiyi A.O., Adekanmbi V., Adepoju A.V., Adetunji C.O., Adetunji J.B., Adeyeoluwa T.E., Adeyinka D.A., Adeyomoye O.I., Admass B.A., Adnani Q.E.S., Adra S., Afolabi A.A., Afzal M.S., Afzal S., Agampodi S.B., Agasthi P., Aggarwal M., Aghamiri S., Agide F.D., Agodi A., Agrawal A., Agyemang-Duah W., Ahinkorah B.O., Ahmad A., Ahmad D., Ahmad F., Ahmad M.M., Ahmad S., Ahmad T., Ahmadi K., Ahmadzade A.M., Ahmed A., Ahmed H., Ahmed L.A., Ahmed M.S., Ahmed M.B., Ahmed S.A., Ajami M., Aji B., Akara E.M., Akbarialiabad H., Akinosoglou K., Akinyemiju T., Akkaif M.A., Akyirem S., Al Hamad H., Al Hasan S.M., Alahdab F., Alalalmeh S.O., Alalwan T.A., Al-Aly Z., Alam K., Alam M., Alam N., Al-Amer R.M., Alanezi F.M., Alanzi T.M., Al-Azzam S., Albakri A., Albashtawy M., AlBataineh M.T., Alcalde-Rabanal J.E., Aldawsari K.A., Aldhaleei W.A., Aldridge R.W., Alema H.B., Alemayohu M.A., Alemi S., Alemu Y.M., Al-Gheethi A.A.S., Alhabib K.F., Alhalaiqa F.A.N., Al-Hanawi M.K., Ali A., Ali L., Ali M.U., Ali R., Ali S., Ali S.S.S., Alicandro G., Alif S.M., Alikhani R., Alimohamadi Y., Aliyi A.A., Aljasir M.A.M., Aljunid S.M., Alla F., Allebeck P., Al-Marwani S., Al-Maweri S.A.A., Almazan J.U., Al-Mekhlafi H.M., Almidani L., Almidani O., Alomari M.A., Al-Omari B., Alonso J., Alqahtani J.S., Alqalyoobi S., Alqutaibi A.Y., Al-Sabah S.K., Altaany Z., Altaf A., Al-Tawfiq J.A., Altirkawi K.A., Aluh D.O., Alvis-Guzman N., Alwafi H., Al-Worafi Y.M., Aly H., Aly S., Alzoubi K.H., Amani R., Amare A.T., Amegbor P.M., Ameyaw E.K., Amin T.T., Amindarolzarbi A., Amiri S., Amirzade-Iranaq M.H., Amu H., Amugsi D.A., Amusa G.A., Ancuceanu R., Anderlini D., Anderson D.B., Andrade P.P., Andrei C.L., Andrei T., Angus C., Anil A., Anil S., Anoushiravani A., Ansari H., Ansariadi A., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Antony C.M., Antriyandarti E., Anvari D., Anvari S., Anwar S., Anwar S.L., Anwer R., Anyasodor A.E., Aqeel M., Arab J.P., Arabloo J., Arafat M., Aravkin A.Y., Areda D., Aremu A., Aremu O., Ariffin H., Arkew M., Armocida B., Arndt M.B., Arnlov J., Arooj M., Artamonov A.A., Arulappan J., Aruleba R.T., Arumugam A., Asaad M., Asadi-Lari M., Asgedom A.A., Asghariahmadabad M., Asghari-Jafarabadi M., Ashraf M., Aslani A., Astell-Burt T., Athar M., Athari S.S., Atinafu B.T.T., Atlaw H.W., Atorkey P., Atout M.M.W., Atreya A., Aujayeb A., Ausloos M., Avan A., Awedew A.F., Aweke A.M., Ayala Quintanilla B.P.A., Ayatollahi H., Ayuso-Mateos J.L., Ayyoubzadeh S.M., Azadnajafabad S., Azevedo R.M.S., Azzam A.Y., Darshan B.B., Babu A.S., Badar M., Badiye A.D., Baghdadi S., Bagheri N., Bagherieh S., Bah S., Bahadorikhalili S., Bahmanziari N., Bai R., Baig A.A., Baker J.L., Bako A.T., Bakshi R.K., Balakrishnan S., Balasubramanian M., Baltatu O.C., Bam K., Banach M., Bandyopadhyay S., Banik P.C., Bansal H., Bansal K., Barbic F., Barchitta M., Bardhan M., Bardideh E., Barker-Collo S.L., Barnighausen T.W., Barone-Adesi F., Barqawi H.J., Barrero L.H., Barrow A., Barteit S., Barua L., Basharat Z., Bashiri A., Basiru A., Baskaran P., Basnyat B., Bassat Q., Basso J.D., Basting A.V.L., Basu S., Batra K., Baune B.T., Bayati M., Bayileyegn N.S., Beaney T., Bedi N., Beghi M., Behboudi E., Behera P., Behnoush A.H., Behzadifar M., Beiranvand M., Bejarano Ramirez D.F., Béjot Y., Belay S.A., Belete C.M., Bell M.L., Bello M.B., Bello O.O., Belo L., Beloukas A., Bender R.G., Bensenor I.M., Beran A., Berezvai Z., Berhie A.Y., Berice B.N., Bernstein R.S., Bertolacci G.J., Bettencourt P.J.G., Beyene K.A., Bhagat D.S., Bhagavathula A.S., Bhala N., Bhalla A., Bhandari D., Bhangdia K., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhardwaj P.V., Bhargava A., Bhaskar S., Bhat V., Bhatti G.K., Bhatti J.S., Bhatti M.S., Bhatti R., Bhutta Z.A., Bikbov B., Bishai J.D., Bisignano C., Bisulli F., Biswas A., Biswas B., Bitaraf S., Bitew B.D., Bitra V.R., Bjørge T., Boachie M.K., Boampong M.S., Bobirca A.V., Bodolica V., Bodunrin A.O., Bogale E.K., Bogale K.A., Bohlouli S., Bolarinwa O.A., Boloor A., Bonakdar Hashemi M.B., Bonny A., Bora K., Bora Basara B., Borhany H., Borzutzky A., Bouaoud S., Boustany A., Boxe C., Boyko E.J., Brady O.J., Braithwaite D., Brant L.C., Brauer M., Brazinova A., Brazo-Sayavera J., Breitborde N.J.K., Breitner S., Brenner H., Briko A.N., Briko N.I., Britton G., Brown J., Brugha T., Bulamu N.B., Bulto L.N., Buonsenso D., Burns R.A., Busse R., Bustanji Y., Butt N.S., Butt Z.A., Caetano dos Santos F.L., Calina D., Camera L.A., Campos L.A., Campos-Nonato I.R., Cao C., Cao Y., Capodici A., Cárdenas R., Carr S., Carreras G., Carrero J.J., Carugno A., Carvalheiro C.G., Carvalho F., Carvalho M., Castaldelli-Maia J.M., Castañeda-Orjuela C.A., Castelpietra G., Catalá-López F., Catapano A.L., Cattaruzza M.S., Cederroth C.R., Cegolon L., Cembranel F., Cenderadewi M., Cercy K.M., Cerin E., Cevik M., Chadwick J., Chahine Y., Chakraborty C., Chakraborty P.A., Chan J.S.K., Chan R.N.C., Chandika R.M., Chandrasekar E.K., Chang C.-K., Chang J.-C., Chanie G.S., Charalampous P., Chattu V.K., Chaturvedi P., Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou V., Chaurasia A., Chen A.W., Chen A.-T., Chen C.S., Chen H., Chen M.X., Chen S., Cheng C.-Y., Cheng E.T.W., Cherbuin N., Cheru W.A., Chien J.-H., Chimed-Ochir O., Chimoriya R., Ching P.R., Chirinos-Caceres J.L., Chitheer A., Cho W.C.S., Chong B., Chopra H., Choudhari S.G., Chowdhury R., Christopher D.J., Chukwu I.S., Chung E., Chung S.-C., Chutiyami M., Cindi Z., Cioffi I., Claassens M.M., Claro R.M., Coberly K., Cogen R.M., Columbus A., Comfort H., Conde J., Cortese S., Cortesi P.A., Costa V.M., Costanzo S., Cousin E., Couto R.A.S., Cowden R.G., Cramer K.M., Criqui M.H., Cruz-Martins N., Cuadra-Hernandez S.M., Culbreth G.T., Cullen P., Cunningham M., Curado M.P., Dadana S., Dadras O., Dai S., Dai X., Dai Z., Dalli L.L., Damiani G., Darega Gela J., Das J.K., Das S., Dascalu A.M., Dash N.R., Dashti M., Dastiridou A., Davey G., Davila-Cervantes C.A., Davis Weaver N., Davletov K., De Leo D., de Luca K., Debele A.T., Debopadhaya S., Degenhardt L., Dehghan A., Deitesfeld L., Del Bo C., Delgado-Enciso I., Demessa B.H., Demetriades A.K., Deng K., Deng X., Denova-Gutierrez E., Deravi N., Dereje N., Dervenis N., Derviševic E., Des Jarlais D.C., Desai H.D., Desai R., Devanbu V.G.C., Dewan S.M.R., Dhali A., Dhama K., Dhimal M., Dhingra S., Dhulipala V.R., Dias da Silva D., Diaz D., Diaz M.J., Dima A., Ding D.D., Ding H., Dinis-Oliveira R.J., Dirac M.A., Djalalinia S., Do T.H.P., do Prado C.B., Doaei S., Dodangeh M., Dohare S., Dokova K.G., Dolecek C., Dominguez R.M.V., Dong W., Dongarwar D., D'Oria M., Dorostkar F., Dorsey E.R., dos Santos W.M., Doshi R., Doshmangir L., Dowou R.K., Driscoll T.R., Dsouza H.L., Dsouza V., Du M., Dube J., Duncan B.B., Duraes A.R., Duraisamy S., Durojaiye O.C., Dwyer-Lindgren L., Dzianach P.A., Dziedzic A.M., E'Mar A.R., Eboreime E., Ebrahimi A., Echieh C.P., Edinur H.A., Edvardsson D., Edvardsson K., Efendi D., Efendi F., Effendi D.E., Eikemo T.A., Eini E., Ekholuenetale M., Ekundayo T.C., El Sayed I., Elbarazi I., Elema T.B., Elemam N.M., Elgar F.J., Elgendy I.Y., ElGohary G.M.T., Elhabashy H.R., Elhadi M., El-Huneidi W., Elilo L.T., Elmeligy O.A.A., Elmonem M.A., Elshaer M., Elsohaby I., Emeto T.I., Engelbert Bain L., Erkhembayar R., Esezobor C.I., Eshrati B., Eskandarieh S., Espinosa-Montero J., Esubalew H., Etaee F., Fabin N., Fadaka A.O., Fagbamigbe A.F., Fahim A., Fahimi S., Fakhri-Demeshghieh A., Falzone L., Fareed M., Sa Farinha C.S.E., Faris M.E.M., Faris P.S., Faro A., Fasanmi A.O., Fatehizadeh A., Fattahi H., Fauk N.K., Fazeli P., Feigin V.L., Feizkhah A., Fekadu G., Feng X., Fereshtehnejad S.-M., Feroze A.H., Ferrante D., Ferrari A.J., Ferreira N., Fetensa G., Feyisa B.R., Filip I., Fischer F., Flavel J., Flood D., Florin B.T., Foigt N.A., Folayan M.O., Fomenkov A.A., Foroutan B., Foroutan M., Forthun I., Fortuna D., Foschi M., Fowobaje K.R., Francis K.L., Franklin R.C., Freitas A., Friedman J., Friedman S.D., Fukumoto T., Fuller J.E., Fux B., Gaal P.A., Gadanya M.A., Gaidhane A.M., Gaihre S., Gakidou E., Galali Y., Galles N.C., Gallus S., Ganbat M., Gandhi A.P., Ganesan B., Ganiyani M.A., Garcia-Gordillo M., Gardner W.M., Garg J., Garg N., Gautam R.K., Gbadamosi S.O., Gebi T.G., Gebregergis M.W., Gebrehiwot M., Gebremeskel T.G., Georgescu S.R., Getachew T., Gething P.W., Getie M., Ghadiri K., Ghahramani S., Ghailan K.Y., Ghasemi M.-R., Ghasempour Dabaghi G., Ghasemzadeh A., Ghashghaee A., Ghassemi F., Ghazy R.M., Ghimire A., Ghoba S., Gholamalizadeh M., Gholamian A., Gholamrezanezhad A., Gholizadeh N., Ghorbani M., Ghorbani Vajargah P., Ghoshal A.G., Gill P.S., Gill T.K., Gillum R.F., Ginindza T.G., Girmay A., Glasbey J.C., Gnedovskaya E.V., Gobolos L., Godinho M.A., Goel A., Golchin A., Goldust M., Golechha M., Goleij P., Gomes N.G.M., Gona P.N., Gopalani S.V., Gorini G., Goudarzi H., Goulart A.C., Goulart B.N.G., Goyal A., Grada A., Graham S.M., Grivna M., Grosso G., Guan S.-Y., Guarducci G., Gubari M.I.M., Gudeta M.D., Guha A., Guicciardi S., Guimaraes R.A., Gulati S., Gunawardane D.A., Gunturu S., Guo C., Gupta A.K., Gupta B., Gupta M.K., Gupta M., Gupta R.D., Gupta R., Gupta S., Gupta V.B., Gupta V.K., Gurmessa L., Gutierrez R.A., Habibzadeh F., Habibzadeh P., Haddadi R., Hadei M., Hadi N.R., Haep N., Hafezi-Nejad N., Haile D., Hailu A., Haj-Mirzaian A., Halboub E.S., Hall B.J., Haller S., Halwani R., Hamadeh R.R., Hameed S., Hamidi S., Hamilton E.B., Han C., Han Q., Hanif A., Hanifi N., Hankey G.J., Hanna F., Hannan M.A., Haque M.N., Harapan H., Hargono A., Haro J.M., Hasaballah A.I., Hasan I., Hasan M.T., Hasani H., Hasanian M., Hashi A., Hasnain M.S., Hassan I., Hassanipour S., Hassankhani H., Haubold J., Havmoeller R.J., Hay S.I., He J., Hebert J.J., Hegazi O.E., Heidari G., Heidari M., Heidari-Foroozan M., Helfer B., Hendrie D., Herrera-Serna B.Y., Herteliu C., Hesami H., Hezam K., Hill C.L., Hiraike Y., Holla R., Horita N., Hossain M.M., Hossain S., Hosseini M.-S., Hosseinzadeh H., Hosseinzadeh M., Hosseinzadeh Adli A.H., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Hsairi M., Chiarong Hsieh V., Hsu R.L., Hu C., Huang J., Hultstrom M., Humayun A., Hundie T.G., Hussain J., Azhar Hussain M., Hussein N.R., Hussien F.M., Huynh H.-H., Hwang B.-F., Ibitoye S.E., Ibrahim K.S., Iftikhar P.M., Ijo D., Ikiroma A.I., Ikuta K.S., Ikwegbue P.C., Ilesanmi O.S., Ilic I.M., Ilic M.D., Imam M.T., Immurana M., Inamdar S., Indriasih E., Iqhrammullah M., Iradukunda A., Iregbu K.C., Islam M.R., Islam S.M.S., Islami F., Ismail F., Ismail N.E., Iso H., Isola G., Iwagami M., Iwu C.C.D., Iyamu I.O., Iyer M., Linda Merin J., Jaafari J., Jacob L., Jacobsen K.H., Jadidi-Niaragh F., Jafarinia M., Jafarzadeh A., Jaggi K., Jahankhani K., Jahanmehr N., Jahrami H., Jain N., Jairoun A.A., Jaiswal A., Jamshidi E., Janko M.M., Jatau A.I., Javadov S., Javaheri T., Jayapal S.K., Jayaram S., Jebai R., Jee S.H., Jeganathan J., Jha A.K., Jha R.P., Jiang H., Jin Y., Johnson O., Jokar M., Jonas J.B., Joo T., Joseph A., Joseph N., Joshua C.E., Joshy G., Jozwiak J.J., Jurisson M., Vaishali K., Kaambwa B., Kabir A., Kabir Z., Kadashetti V., Kadir D.H., Kalani R., Kalankesh L.R., Kaliyadan F., Kalra S., Kamal V.K., Kamarajah S.K., Kamath R., Kamiab Z., Kamyari N., Kanagasabai T., Kanchan T., Kandel H., Kanmanthareddy A.R., Kanmiki E.W., Kanmodi K.K., Suthanthira Kannan S., Kansal S.K., Kantar R.S., Kapoor N., Karajizadeh M., Karanth S.D., Karasneh R.A., Karaye I.M., Karch A., Karim A., Karimi S.E., Karimi Behnagh A., Kashoo F.Z., Kasnazani Q.H.A., Kasraei H., Kassebaum N.J., Kassel M.B., Kauppila J.H., Kaur N., Kawakami N., Kayode G.A., Kazemi F., Kazemian S., Kazmi T.H., Kebebew G.M., Kebede A.D., Kebede F., Keflie T.S., Keiyoro P.N., Keller C., Kelly J.T., Kempen J.H., Kerr J.A., Kesse-Guyot E., Khajuria H., Khalaji A., Khalid N., Khalil A.A., Khalilian A., Khamesipour F., Khan A., Khan G., Khan I., Khan I.A., Khan M.N., Khan M., Khan M.J., Khan M.A., Khan Z.A., Khan Suheb M.Z.

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Publicada: 1 ene 2024 Ahead of Print: 1 may 2024

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Filiaciones:
Naghavi M.:
 Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

 School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

Ong K.L.:
 Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

Aali A.:
 Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Ababneh H.S.:
 Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

Abate Y.H.:
 Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement, Aleta Wondo Hospital, Aleta Wondo, Ethiopia

Abbafati C.:
 Department of Juridical and Economic Studies, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Abbasgholizadeh R.:
 Doheny Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Abbasian M.:
 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States

 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tehran, Iran

 Tehran, Iran

Abbasi-Kangevari M.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abbastabar H.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abd ElHafeez S.:
 Department of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Abdelmasseh M.:
 Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States

Abd-Elsalam S.:
 Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

Abdelwahab A.:
 Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States

Abdollahi M.:
 Tehran, Iran

 The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

 School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abdollahifar M.-A.:
 Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

Abdoun M.:
 Department of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Sétif, Algeria

Abdulah D.M.:
 Community and Maternity Nursing Unit, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq

Abdullahi A.:
 Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria

 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Abebe M.:
 Department of Midwifery, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia

Abebe S.S.:
 Department of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia

Abedi A.:
 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States

 Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Abegaz K.H.:
 Department of Biostatistics, Near East University, TRNC, Nicosia, Cyprus

 Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia

Abhilash E.S.:
 Department of Botany, Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur, Kozhikode, India

Abidi H.:
 Laboratory Technology Sciences Department, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

Abiodun O.:
 Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria

Aboagye R.G.:
 Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana

Abolhassani H.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Abolmaali M.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Department of Neurosurgery, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

 Khatam Al-anbia Hospital, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Abouzid M.:
 Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

Aboye G.B.:
 Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abreu L.G.:
 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Abrha W.A.:
 Department of Adult Health Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia

Abtahi D.:
 Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran, Iran

 Tehran, Iran

Abu Rumeileh S.:
 Department of Neurology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany

Abualruz H.:
 Department of Nursing, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Abubakar B.:
 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria

 Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria

Abu-Gharbieh E.:
 Clinical Sciences Department, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Abu-Rmeileh N.M.:
 Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Ramallah, Palestine

Aburuz S.:
 College of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Abu-Zaid A.:
 Department of Surgery, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

 College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, United States

Accrombessi M.M.K.:
 Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

 Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Institute of Benin (IRCB), Abomey-Calavi, Benin

Adal T.G.:
 Department of Public Health, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia

Adamu A.A.:
 Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa

 Cochrane South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa

Addo I.Y.:
 Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 Quality and Systems Performance Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Addolorato G.:
 Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS (Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic IRCCS), Rome, Italy

 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universita Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome), Rome, Italy

Adebiyi A.O.:
 Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

 Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Adekanmbi V.:
 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States

Adepoju A.V.:
 Department of HIV and Infectious Diseases, Jhpiego, Abuja, Nigeria

 Department of Adolescent Research and Care, Adolescent Friendly Research Initiative and Care, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

Adetunji C.O.:
 Department of Microbiology, Edo State University Uzairue, Iyamho, Nigeria

Adetunji J.B.:
 Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria

Adeyeoluwa T.E.:
 Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

 Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria

Adeyinka D.A.:
 Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

 Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria

Adeyomoye O.I.:
 Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria

Admass B.A.:
 University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

Adnani Q.E.S.:
 Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University), Bandung, Indonesia

Adra S.:
 Clinical Sciences Department, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Afolabi A.A.:
 Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Afzal M.S.:
 Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Afzal S.:
 Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan

 Department of Public Health, Public Health Institute, Lahore, Pakistan

Agampodi S.B.:
 Department of Community Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

 International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea

Agasthi P.:
 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States

Aggarwal M.:
 Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States

Aghamiri S.:
 Department of Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran

 Tehran, Iran

Agide F.D.:
 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia

Agodi A.:
 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, 'GF Ingrassia' University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Agrawal A.:
 Section of General Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States

 Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Haryana, Sonipat, 131029, India

Agyemang-Duah W.:
 Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada

Ahinkorah B.O.:
 School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Ahmad A.:
 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia

Ahmad D.:
 School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia

 Public Health Foundation of India, Gandhinagar, India

Ahmad F.:
 College of Medicine, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Ahmad M.M.:
 Department of Clinical Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Ahmad S.:
 Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan

 Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon

Ahmad T.:
 Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China

Ahmadi K.:
 School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Ahmadzade A.M.:
 Department of Neuroscience, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Ahmed A.:
 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan

 Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health (IDGPH), University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

Ahmed H.:
 Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

Ahmed L.A.:
 Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

Ahmed M.S.:
 Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq

Ahmed M.B.:
 Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia

 Australian Center for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Ahmed S.A.:
 Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States

Ajami M.:
 National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

 Tehran, Iran

 Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, National Institute of Nutrition, Tehran, Iran

Aji B.:
 Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia

Akara E.M.:
 Moyen Mono Health District, Ministry of Health, Tohoun, Togo

Akbarialiabad H.:
 St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Akinosoglou K.:
 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

 Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece

Akinyemiju T.:
 Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

 Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

Akkaif M.A.:
 Department of Cardiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Akyirem S.:
 Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States

Al Hamad H.:
 Department of Geriatric and Long Term Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar

 Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar

Al Hasan S.M.:
 Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States

Alahdab F.:
 McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth, Houston, TX, United States

 Department of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics, and Epidemiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States

Alalalmeh S.O.:
 Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

Alalwan T.A.:
 Department of Biology, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain

Al-Aly Z.:
 John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States

 Clinical Epidemiology Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), St Louis, MO, United States

Alam K.:
 Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia

Alam M.:
 Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States

Alam N.:
 Prevention Division, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

 Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia

Al-Amer R.M.:
 School of Nursing, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan

 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Alemu Y.M.:
 National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Ali M.U.:
 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Alikhani R.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Alimohamadi Y.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Allebeck P.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Department of Global Public Health, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Almidani L.:
 Doheny Image Reading and Research Lab (DIRRL), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Alqalyoobi S.:
 Department of Internal Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States

Altirkawi K.A.:
 University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Aly H.:
 Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States

Aly S.:
 Department of Pediatrics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States

Alzoubi K.H.:
 Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Amiri S.:
 Tehran, Iran

Amirzade-Iranaq M.H.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Amu H.:
 Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana

Anoushiravani A.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Antony C.M.:
 Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

Arabloo J.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Health Management and Economics Research Center, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Aravkin A.Y.:
 Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

 Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

 School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

Arkew M.:
 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia

Arndt M.B.:
 Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

Arnlov J.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Aruleba R.T.:
 East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States

Arumugam A.:
 Department of Physiotherapy, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Asadi-Lari M.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Department of Epidemiology, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Ayatollahi H.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Health Management and Economics Research Center, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

 Department of Health Information Management, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Ayyoubzadeh S.M.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Department of Health Information Management, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Azadnajafabad S.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Bagheri N.:
 Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Bahmanziari N.:
 Tehran, Iran

 Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran