Candida infective endocarditis: An observational cohort study with a focus on therapy
Por:
Arnold C.J., Johnson M., Bayer A.S., Bradley S., Giannitsioti E., Miró J.M., Tornos P., Tattevin P., Strahilevitz J., Spelman D., Athan E., Nacinovich F., Lamas C., Barsic B., Fernández-Hidalgo N., Muñoz P., Chu V.H., Clara L., Sanchez M., Casabé J., Cortes C., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Altclas J., Kogan S., Harris O., Kennedy K., Tan R., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Jones P., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., De Brito A.C.P., Guimarães A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., De Medeiros Tranchesi R.A., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., De Oliveira Ramos A., Weksler C., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Fernandez R., Franco L., Gonzalez J., Jaramillo A.N., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Pangercic A., Rudez I., Vincelj J., Freiberger T., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Ashour Z., Kholy A.E., Mishaal M., Osama D., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Alla F., Campagnac C., Doco-Lecompte T., Selton-Suty C., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Delahaye F., Delahaye A., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Flecher E., Michelet C., Revest M., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Rémadi J.P., Rusinaru D., Tribouilloy C., Bernard Y., Chirouze C., Hoen B., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Helen G., Sofia A., Ioannis D., Thomas T., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Sharma G., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hannan M.M., Hurley J.P., Cahan A., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Durante-Mangoni E., Mattucci I., Pinto D., Agrusta F., Senese A., Ragone E., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Kanafani Z., Kanj S.S., Sharif-Yakan A., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martínez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., Van Der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Murdoch D.R., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Liew Y.-Y., Tan R.-S., Lejko-Zupanc T., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castañeda X., Cervera C., Falces C., Garcia-De-La-Maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., Heras M., Llopis J., Marco F., Mestres C.A., Moreno A., Ninot S., Paré C., Pericas J.M., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Leoni M.E.G., Robles J.A.G., Ramallo V.G., Cruz A.F., Kestler M., Marín M., Sellés M.M., Abella H.R., Roda J.R., López R.A., Pinilla B., Pinto A., Valerio M., Vázquez P., Verde E., Almirante B., De Alarcón A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat O., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Corey G.R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Fowler V.G., Jr., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Sexton D., Stryjewski M., Wang A., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., DiPersio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Levine D., Riddle J., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Park L.P., Sanderford B., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Karchmer A.W., Sexton D.J., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Sexton. D.J.
Publicada:
1 ene 2015
Resumen:
Candida infective endocarditis is a rare disease with a high mortality rate. Our understanding of this infection is derived from case series, case reports, and small prospective cohorts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and use of different antifungal treatment regimens for Candida infective endocarditis. This prospective cohort study was based on 70 cases of Candida infective endocarditis from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis (ICE)-Prospective Cohort Study and ICE-Plus databases collected between 2000 and 2010. The majority of infections were acquired nosocomially (67%). Congestive heart failure (24%), prosthetic heart valve (46%), and previous infective endocarditis (26%) were common comorbidities. Overall mortality was high, with 36% mortality in the hospital and 59% at 1 year. On univariate analysis, older age, heart failure at baseline, persistent candidemia, nosocomial acquisition, heart failure as a complication, and intracardiac abscess were associated with higher mortality. Mortality was not affected by use of surgical therapy or choice of antifungal agent. A subgroup analysis was performed on 33 patients for whom specific antifungal therapy information was available. In this subgroup, 11 patients received amphotericin B-based therapy and 14 received echinocandin-based therapy. Despite a higher percentage of older patients and nosocomial infection in the echinocandin group, mortality rates were similar between the two groups. In conclusion, Candida infective endocarditis is associated with a high mortality rate that was not impacted by choice of antifungal therapy or by adjunctive surgical intervention. Additionally, echinocandin therapy was as effective as amphotericin B-based therapy in the small subgroup analysis. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology.
Filiaciones:
Arnold C.J.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Johnson M.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Bayer A.S.:
Harbor-UCLA, Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Bradley S.:
VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, United States
Giannitsioti E.:
Attikon University, General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Miró J.M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Tornos P.:
Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Tattevin P.:
Pontchaillou University, Rennes, France
Strahilevitz J.:
Hadassah-Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Tel Aviv University, School of Medicine, Israel
Spelman D.:
Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Athan E.:
Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
ICE Publications Committee, United States
Nacinovich F.:
Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Lamas C.:
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia and Unigranrio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Barsic B.:
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
Fernández-Hidalgo N.:
Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Muñoz P.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Chu V.H.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Clara L.:
Hospital Italiano, Argentina
Sanchez M.:
Hospital Italiano, Argentina
Casabé J.:
Hospital Universitario, Fundaciòn Favaloro, Argentina
Cortes C.:
Hospital Universitario, Fundaciòn Favaloro, Argentina
Oses P.F.:
Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Ronderos R.:
Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Sucari A.:
Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Thierer J.:
Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Altclas J.:
Sanatorio de la Trinidad Mitre, Argentina
Kogan S.:
Sanatorio de la Trinidad Mitre, Argentina
Harris O.:
Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
Kennedy K.:
Canberra Hospital, Australia
Tan R.:
Canberra Hospital, Australia
Gordon D.:
Flinders Medical Centre, Australia
Papanicolas L.:
Flinders Medical Centre, Australia
Korman T.:
Southern Health, Australia
Kotsanas D.:
Southern Health, Australia
Dever R.:
St. George Hospital, Australia
Jones P.:
St. George Hospital, Australia
St. Vincent's, Australia
Sutherland, Australia
University of New South Wales, Australia
Konecny P.:
St. George Hospital, Australia
Lawrence R.:
St. George Hospital, Australia
Rees D.:
St. George Hospital, Australia
Ryan S.:
St. George Hospital, Australia
St. Vincent's, Australia
Sutherland, Australia
University of New South Wales, Australia
Feneley M.P.:
St. Vincent's, Australia
Harkness J.:
St. Vincent's, Australia
Post J.:
University of New South Wales, Australia
Reinbott P.:
University of New South Wales, Australia
Gattringer R.:
Vienna General Hospital, Austria
Wiesbauer F.:
Vienna General Hospital, Austria
Andrade A.R.:
Ana Neri Hospital, Brazil
De Brito A.C.P.:
Ana Neri Hospital, Brazil
Guimarães A.C.:
Ana Neri Hospital, Brazil
Grinberg M.:
Heart Institute (Incor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Brazil
Mansur A.J.:
Heart Institute (Incor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Brazil
Siciliano R.F.:
Heart Institute (Incor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Brazil
Strabelli T.M.V.:
Heart Institute (Incor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Brazil
Vieira M.L.C.:
Heart Institute (Incor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Brazil
De Medeiros Tranchesi R.A.:
Hospital 9 de Julho, Brazil
Paiva M.G.:
Hospital 9 de Julho, Brazil
Fortes C.Q.:
Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
De Oliveira Ramos A.:
Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, Brazil
Weksler C.:
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia and Unigranrio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Ferraiuoli G.:
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia and Unigranrio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Golebiovski W.:
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia and Unigranrio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Karlowsky J.A.:
University of Manitoba, Canada
Keynan Y.:
University of Manitoba, Canada
Morris A.M.:
University of Manitoba, Canada
Rubinstein E.:
University of Manitoba, Canada
Tel Aviv University, School of Medicine, Israel
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Jones S.B.:
Hospital Clínico, Pont. Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
Garcia P.:
Hospital Clínico, Pont. Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
Cereceda M.:
Hospital Clinico, Universidad de Chile, Chile
Fica A.:
Hospital Clinico, Universidad de Chile, Chile
Mella R.M.:
Hospital Clinico, Universidad de Chile, Chile
Fernandez R.:
Clinica Cardiovascular Medellín, Colombia
Franco L.:
Clinica Cardiovascular Medellín, Colombia
Gonzalez J.:
Clinica Cardiovascular Medellín, Colombia
Jaramillo A.N.:
Clinica Cardiovascular Medellín, Colombia
Bukovski S.:
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
Krajinovic V.:
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
Pangercic A.:
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
Rudez I.:
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
Vincelj J.:
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
Freiberger T.:
Ceitec, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Pol J.:
Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Czech Republic
Zaloudikova B.:
Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Czech Republic
Ashour Z.:
Cairo University, Medical School, Egypt
Kholy A.E.:
Cairo University, Medical School, Egypt
Mishaal M.:
Cairo University, Medical School, Egypt
Osama D.:
Cairo University, Medical School, Egypt
Rizk H.:
Cairo University, Medical School, Egypt
Aissa N.:
CHU Nancy-Brabois, France
Alauzet C.:
CHU Nancy-Brabois, France
Alla F.:
CHU Nancy-Brabois, France
Campagnac C.:
CHU Nancy-Brabois, France
Doco-Lecompte T.:
CHU Nancy-Brabois, France
Selton-Suty C.:
CHU Nancy-Brabois, France
Casalta J.-P.:
Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, France
Fournier P.-E.:
Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, France
Habib G.:
Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, France
Raoult D.:
Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, France
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Thuny F.:
Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, France
Delahaye F.:
Hospital Louis Pradel, France
Delahaye A.:
Hospital Louis Pradel, France
Vandenesch F.:
Hospital Louis Pradel, France
Donal E.:
Pontchaillou University, Rennes, France
Donnio P.Y.:
Pontchaillou University, Rennes, France
Flecher E.:
Pontchaillou University, Rennes, France
Michelet C.:
Pontchaillou University, Rennes, France
Revest M.:
Pontchaillou University, Rennes, France
Chevalier F.:
South Hospital Amiens, France
Jeu A.:
South Hospital Amiens, France
Rémadi J.P.:
South Hospital Amiens, France
Rusinaru D.:
South Hospital Amiens, France
Tribouilloy C.:
South Hospital Amiens, France
Bernard Y.:
University Medical Center of Besançon, France
Chirouze C.:
University Medical Center of Besançon, France
Hoen B.:
University Medical Center of Besançon, France
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Leroy J.:
University Medical Center of Besançon, France
Plesiat P.:
University Medical Center of Besançon, France
Naber C.:
Universitaetskliniken Bergmannsheil Bochum, Germany
University Essen, Germany
Neuerburg C.:
Universitaetskliniken Bergmannsheil Bochum, Germany
University Essen, Germany
Mazaheri B.:
University Essen, Germany
Helen G.:
Attikon University, General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Sofia A.:
Attikon University, General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Ioannis D.:
Attikon University, General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Thomas T.:
Attikon University, General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Mylona E.:
Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, Greece
Paniara O.:
Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, Greece
Papanicolaou K.:
Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, Greece
Pyros J.:
Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, Greece
Skoutelis A.:
Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, Greece
Sharma G.:
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Francis J.:
Medical College Calicut, India
Nair L.:
Medical College Calicut, India
Thomas V.:
Medical College Calicut, India
Venugopal K.:
Medical College Calicut, India
Hannan M.M.:
Mater Hospitals, Ireland
Hurley J.P.:
Mater Hospitals, Ireland
Cahan A.:
Hadassah-Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Gilon D.:
Hadassah-Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Israel S.:
Hadassah-Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Korem M.:
Hadassah-Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Durante-Mangoni E.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Mattucci I.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Pinto D.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Agrusta F.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Senese A.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Ragone E.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Utili R.:
II Università di Napoli, Italy
Cecchi E.:
Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy
De Rosa F.:
Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy
Forno D.:
Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy
Imazio M.:
Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy
Trinchero R.:
Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy
Grossi P.:
Ospedale di Circolo Varese, Italy
Lattanzio M.:
Ospedale di Circolo Varese, Italy
Toniolo A.:
Ospedale di Circolo Varese, Italy
Goglio A.:
Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy
Raglio A.:
Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy
Ravasio V.:
Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy
Rizzi M.:
Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy
Suter F.:
Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy
Carosi G.:
Spedali Civili, Università di Brescia, Italy
Magri S.:
Spedali Civili, Università di Brescia, Italy
Signorini L.:
Spedali Civili, Università di Brescia, Italy
Kanafani Z.:
American University of Beirut, Medical Center, Lebanon
Kanj S.S.:
American University of Beirut, Medical Center, Lebanon
Sharif-Yakan A.:
American University of Beirut, Medical Center, Lebanon
Abidin I.:
University of Malaya, Medical Center, Malaysia
Tamin S.S.:
National Heart Institute, Malaysia
Martínez E.R.:
Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico
Nieto G.I.S.:
Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico
Van Der Meer J.T.M.:
University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
Chambers S.:
University of Otago, New Zealand
Holland D.:
Middlemore Hospital, New Zealand
Morris A.:
University of Manitoba, Canada
Raymond N.:
Wellington Hospital, New Zealand
Read K.:
North Shore Hospital, New Zealand
Murdoch D.R.:
University of Otago, New Zealand
ICE Publications Committee, United States
Dragulescu S.:
Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania
Ionac A.:
Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania
Mornos C.:
Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania
Butkevich O.M.:
Learning-Scientific Centre, Medical Centre of Russian Presidential Affairs, Government Medical Centre of Russian, Russian Federation
Chipigina N.:
Russian Medical State University, Russian Federation
Kirill O.:
Russian Medical State University, Russian Federation
Vadim K.:
Russian Medical State University, Russian Federation
Vinogradova T.:
Russian Medical State University, Russian Federation
Edathodu J.:
King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Research Center, Saudi Arabia
Halim M.:
King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Research Center, Saudi Arabia
Liew Y.-Y.:
National Heart Centre, Singapore
Tan R.-S.:
National Heart Centre, Singapore
Lejko-Zupanc T.:
Medical Center Ljublijana, Slovenia
Logar M.:
Medical Center Ljublijana, Slovenia
Mueller-Premru M.:
Medical Center Ljublijana, Slovenia
Commerford P.:
University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
Commerford A.:
University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
Deetlefs E.:
University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
Hansa C.:
University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
Ntsekhe M.:
University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
Almela M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Armero Y.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Azqueta M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Castañeda X.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Cervera C.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Falces C.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Garcia-De-La-Maria C.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Fita G.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Gatell J.M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Heras M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Llopis J.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Marco F.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Mestres C.A.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Moreno A.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Ninot S.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Paré C.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Pericas J.M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Ramirez J.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Rovira I.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Sitges M.:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Anguera I.:
Hospitál de Sabadell, Spain
Font B.:
Hospitál de Sabadell, Spain
Guma J.R.:
Hospitál de Sabadell, Spain
Bermejo J.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Bouza E.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Leoni M.E.G.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Robles J.A.G.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Ramallo V.G.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Cruz A.F.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Kestler M.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Marín M.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Sellés M.M.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Abella H.R.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Roda J.R.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
López R.A.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Pinilla B.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Pinto A.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Valerio M.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Vázquez P.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Verde E.:
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
Almirante B.:
Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
De Alarcón A.:
Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío, Spain
Parra R.:
Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío, Spain
Alestig E.:
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset/Östra, Sweden
Johansson M.:
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset/Östra, Sweden
Olaison L.:
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset/Östra, Sweden
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Snygg-Martin U.:
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset/Östra, Sweden
Pachirat O.:
Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Pachirat P.:
Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Pussadhamma B.:
Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Senthong V.:
Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Casey A.:
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, United Kingdom
Elliott T.:
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, United Kingdom
Lambert P.:
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, United Kingdom
Watkin R.:
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, United Kingdom
Eyton C.:
St. Thomas' Hospital, United Kingdom
Klein J.L.:
St. Thomas' Hospital, United Kingdom
Kauffman C.:
Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, United States
Bedimo R.:
Dallas VA Medical Center, United States
Corey G.R.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Crowley A.L.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Douglas P.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Drew L.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Fowler V.G.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Jr.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Holland T.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Lalani T.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Mudrick D.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Samad Z.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Sexton D.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Stryjewski M.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Wang A.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
Woods C.W.:
Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
Lerakis S.:
Emory University, United States
Cantey R.:
Medical University of South Carolina, United States
Steed L.:
Medical University of South Carolina, United States
Wray D.:
Medical University of South Carolina, United States
Dickerman S.A.:
New York University, Medical Center, United States
Bonilla H.:
Summa Health System, United States
DiPersio J.:
Summa Health System, United States
Salstrom S.-J.:
Summa Health System, United States
Baddley J.:
University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
Patel M.:
University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
Peterson G.:
UT-Southwestern Medical Center, United States
Stancoven A.:
UT-Southwestern Medical Center, United States
Levine D.:
Wayne State University, United States
Riddle J.:
Wayne State University, United States
Rybak M.:
Wayne State University, United States
Cabell C.H.:
Quintiles, United States
ICE Publications Committee, United States
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Baloch K.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Dixon C.C.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Harding T.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Jones-Richmond M.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Park L.P.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Sanderford B.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Stafford J.:
ICE Coordinating Center, United States
Anstrom K.:
ICE Publications Committee, United States
Karchmer A.W.:
ICE Publications Committee, United States
Sexton D.J.:
ICE Publications Committee, United States
Durack D.T.:
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Eykyn S.:
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Moreillon P.:
ICE Steering Committee, United States
Sexton. D.J.:
ICE Steering Committee, United States
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