Successional and phenological effects on plant-floral visitor interaction networks of a tropical dry forest
Por:
Cortes-Flores, Jorge, Lopezaraiza-Mikel, Martha, de Santiago-Hernandez, M. Hesajim, Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana, Cristobal-Perez, E. Jacob, Aguilar-Aguilar, Maria J., Balvino-Olvera, Francisco Javier, Delgado-Carrillo, Oliverio, Sayago, Roberto, Fuchs, Eric J., Sanchez-Montoya, Gumersindo, Quesada, Mauricio
Publicada:
1 abr 2023
Ahead of Print:
1 feb 2023
Resumen:
1. Plant-pollinator interactions are fundamental to ecosystem
functioning; however, the role that succession and phenology have on
these interactions is poorly understood, particularly in endangered
tropical ecosystems. In highly diverse ecosystems such as tropical dry
forests (TDF), variation in water and food availability determines the
life cycles of animal pollinators. Therefore, understanding patterns of
flowering phenology and plant-pollinator interactions across seasons in
successional environments is key to maintaining and restoring TDF.2. We
analysed the functional dynamics of plant-floral visitor interactions at
the community level across a successional gradient in a Mexican TDF. We
evaluated changes in the diversity of blooming plant species and floral
visitors, phenological patterns, interaction network metrics and beta
diversity among early, intermediate and late successional stages,
between dry and rainy seasons.3. We found a higher diversity of blooming
plant species and a higher richness of animal species in the
intermediate and late successional stages. Peak abundance of floral
visitors overlapped with flowering peaks in the late successional
stages, but this was not consistently the case in the early and
intermediate stages. Plant floral visitors networks differed in
structure according to successional stage and season, but specialisation
metrics were higher in late successional stages. Interaction networks
were more dissimilar between dry and rainy seasons within successional
stages than within seasons between successional stages, suggesting
connectivity across successional sites during each season. In addition,
closely related plant species do not share the same pollination systems
in any successional stage.4. Synthesis. Our results showed that
plant-floral visitor interactions are dynamic and vary with flowering
phenology and with successional changes in plant and animal diversity.
Plant-floral visitor interactions were more diverse and specialised in
the late successional stages. In the rainy season, differences in
network structure among successional stages are due to interaction
rewiring, while in the dry season, it is caused by species turnover. Our
results demonstrate that seasonality plays a key role in community
diversity and network structure and highlight the importance of
conserving mature forests to ensure the maintenance of critical
pollination interactions across all successional stages.
Filiaciones:
Cortes-Flores, Jorge:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Sede Tlaxcala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Santa Cruz Tlaxcala, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Lopezaraiza-Mikel, Martha:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Escuela Superior de Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Tecpan de Galeana, Mexico
de Santiago-Hernandez, M. Hesajim:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Laboratorio de Vida Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Cristobal-Perez, E. Jacob:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Aguilar-Aguilar, Maria J.:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Balvino-Olvera, Francisco Javier:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Delgado-Carrillo, Oliverio:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Sayago, Roberto:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Escuela Superior de Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Tecpan de Galeana, Mexico
Fuchs, Eric J.:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Sanchez-Montoya, Gumersindo:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
Quesada, Mauricio:
Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Morelia, Mexico
Laboratorio Binacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, UNAM-UCR, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
hybrid, All Open Access; Hybrid Gold
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