Soil biodiversity supports the delivery of multiple ecosystem functions in urban greenspaces
Por:
Fan K., Chu H., Eldridge D.J., Gaitan J.J., Liu Y.-R., Sokoya B., Wang J.-T., Hu H.-W., He J.-Z., Sun W., Cui H., Alfaro F.D., Abades S., Bastida F., Díaz-López M., Bamigboye A.R., Berdugo M., Blanco-Pastor J.L., Grebenc T., Duran J., Illán J.G., Makhalanyane T.P., Mukherjee A., Nahberger T.U., Peñaloza-Bojacá G.F., Plaza C., Verma J.P., Rey A., Rodríguez A., Siebe C., Teixido A.L., Trivedi P., Wang L., Wang J., Yang T., Zhou X.-Q., Zhou X., Zaady E., Tedersoo L., Delgado-Baquerizo M.
Publicada:
1 ene 2023
Resumen:
In a widespread sampling campaign across urban soils, the authors find that soil biodiversity, but not plant diversity, is positively related to multiple ecosystem functions in urban environments.
While the contribution of biodiversity to supporting multiple ecosystem functions is well established in natural ecosystems, the relationship of the above- and below-ground diversity with ecosystem multifunctionality remains virtually unknown in urban greenspaces. Here we conducted a standardized survey of urban greenspaces from 56 municipalities across six continents, aiming to investigate the relationships of plant and soil biodiversity (diversity of bacteria, fungi, protists and invertebrates, and metagenomics-based functional diversity) with 18 surrogates of ecosystem functions from nine ecosystem services. We found that soil biodiversity across biomes was significantly and positively correlated with multiple dimensions of ecosystem functions, and contributed to key ecosystem services such as microbially driven carbon pools, organic matter decomposition, plant productivity, nutrient cycling, water regulation, plant-soil mutualism, plant pathogen control and antibiotic resistance regulation. Plant diversity only indirectly influenced multifunctionality in urban greenspaces via changes in soil conditions that were associated with soil biodiversity. These findings were maintained after controlling for climate, spatial context, soil properties, vegetation and management practices. This study provides solid evidence that conserving soil biodiversity in urban greenspaces is key to supporting multiple dimensions of ecosystem functioning, which is critical for the sustainability of urban ecosystems and human wellbeing.
Filiaciones:
Fan K.:
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Chu H.:
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Eldridge D.J.:
Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Gaitan J.J.:
National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Institute of Soil Science, Hurlingham, Argentina
National University of Luján, Department of Technology, Luján, Argentina
National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Liu Y.-R.:
College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Sokoya B.:
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
Wang J.-T.:
Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
Hu H.-W.:
School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
He J.-Z.:
School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Sun W.:
Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
Cui H.:
Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
Alfaro F.D.:
GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
Abades S.:
GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
Bastida F.:
CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
Díaz-López M.:
CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
Bamigboye A.R.:
Natural History Museum (Botany Unit), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Berdugo M.:
Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Institute of Integrative Biology, Department of Environment Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Univeritätstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland
Blanco-Pastor J.L.:
Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
Grebenc T.:
Department of Forest Physiology and Genetics, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Duran J.:
Misión Biolóxica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Pontevedra, Spain
Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
Illán J.G.:
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
Makhalanyane T.P.:
Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Mukherjee A.:
Plant–Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Nahberger T.U.:
Department of Forest Physiology and Genetics, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Peñaloza-Bojacá G.F.:
Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Plaza C.:
Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
Verma J.P.:
Plant–Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Soil Microbiology Lab, Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Rey A.:
Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural History (MNCN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) C/ Serrano 115bis, Madrid, Spain
Rodríguez A.:
Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
Siebe C.:
Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F., Mexico
Teixido A.L.:
Departamento de Botância e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Brazil
Trivedi P.:
Microbiome Network and Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
Wang L.:
Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
Wang J.:
Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
Yang T.:
Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
Zhou X.-Q.:
College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Zhou X.:
College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Zaady E.:
Department of Natural Resources, Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Negev, Israel
Tedersoo L.:
Department of Mycology and Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Delgado-Baquerizo M.:
Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
Unidad Asociada CSIC-UPO (BioFun), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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