Vaccines Against COVID-19: A Review
Por:
Torres-Estrella, Carlos U., del Rocio Reyes-Montes, Maria, Duarte-Escalante, Esperanza, Sierra Martinez, Monica, Guadalupe Frias-De-Leon, Maria, Acosta-Altamirano, Gustavo
Publicada:
1 mar 2022
Resumen:
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, various joint efforts have been
made to support the creation of vaccines. Different projects have been
under development, of which some are in the clinical evaluation stage
and others in are in phase III with positive results. The aim of this
paper was to describe the current situation of the development and
production of vaccines available to the population to facilitate future
research and continue developing and proposing ideas for the benefit of
the population. So, we carried out a systematic review using databases
such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and MEDLINE, including keywords
such as ``vaccines,'' ``COVID-19,'' and ``SARS-CoV-2''. We
reviewed the development and production of the anti-COVID vaccine and
its different platforms, the background leading to the massive
development of these substances, and the most basic immune aspects for a
better understanding of their physiological activity and the immune
response in those who receive the vaccine. We also analyzed immunization
effects in populations with any medical or physiological conditions
(such as immunosuppression, people with comorbidities, and pregnancy),
as well as the response to immunization with heterologous vaccines and
the hybrid immunity (the combination of natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2
with immunity generated by the vaccine). Likewise, we address the
current situation in Mexico and its role in managing the vaccination
process against SARS-CoV-2 at the national and international levels.
There are still many clinical and molecular aspects to be described,
such as the duration of active immunity and the development of
immunological memory, to mention some of the most important ones.
However, due to the short time since the global vaccination roll-out and
that it has been progressive (not counting children and people with
medical conditions), it is premature to say whether a second vaccination
schedule will be necessary for the near future. Thus, it is essential to
continue with health measures.
Filiaciones:
Torres-Estrella, Carlos U.:
Hosp Reg Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Ciudad De Mexico 56530, Mexico
Inst Politecn Nacl IPN, Unidad Profes Interdisciplinaria Biotecnol, Ciudad De Mexico 07340, Mexico
del Rocio Reyes-Montes, Maria:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
Duarte-Escalante, Esperanza:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
Sierra Martinez, Monica:
Hosp Reg Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Ciudad De Mexico 56530, Mexico
Guadalupe Frias-De-Leon, Maria:
Hosp Reg Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Ciudad De Mexico 56530, Mexico
Acosta-Altamirano, Gustavo:
Hosp Reg Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Ciudad De Mexico 56530, Mexico
Inst Politecn Nacl IPN, Escuela Super Med, Ciudad De Mexico 11340, Mexico
Green Published, gold, All Open Access, Gold, Green
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