Comparative Study of Indirect Fluorescent Antibody, ELISA, and Immunochromatography Tests for Serological Diagnosis of Bovine Babesiosis Caused by Babesia bovis
Por:
Lira-Amaya, Jose Juan, Martinez-Garcia, Grecia, Santamaria-Espinosa, R. Montserrat, Castañeda-Arriola R.O., Ojeda-Carrasco, Juan J., avila-Ramirez, Guillermina, Figueroa-Millan, Julio V.
Publicada:
1 dic 2021
Resumen:
Simple Summary Currently serological diagnosis of bovine babesiosis is
based on the detection of Babesia-specific antibodies
(immunoglobulin-G). Antibody detection is commonly used in
seroepidemiological studies or in the assessment of antibabesial
antibody titers after cattle vaccination. The indirect fluorescent
antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are
the most widely used diagnostic tests, although there their
implementation has some drawbacks, principally due to the requirements
for trained personnel, specific materials, and special laboratory
equipment. This study compared a newly designed rapid
immunochromatography test (ICT), which has been reported recently and
used for Babesia bovis-specific antibody detection with promising
results, with an in-house ELISA for the serological diagnosis of cattle
exposed to B. bovis (Babesia bovis) in Mexico. Higher sensitivity and
specificity values were found by ICT, proving its effectiveness over
ELISA. ICT also had better concordance than ELISA when IFAT was used as
the ``gold standard''. The rapid ICT was shown to have diagnostic
utility for the detection of antibodies against B. bovis and could be
used as a field test in Mexico due to its practicality, as it does not
need laboratory equipment for implementation and interpretation of
results. The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) is the most
frequently used test to conduct seroepidemiological studies so far, and
it is regarded as the ``gold standard'' test for the serological
diagnosis of bovine babesiosis. The aim of the present study was to
compare the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the rapid
immunochromatography test (ICT) for use in the serological diagnosis of
cattle exposed to B. bovis in Mexico. The evaluation of test performance
was carried out with 30 positive and 30 negative reference sera. A total
of 72 bovine sera samples collected from cattle in a region with endemic
bovine babesiosis were analyzed by ELISA and ICT, and the results were
compared with those of IFAT. Kappa value (k) was also calculated to
determine the agreement between tests. The sensitivity and specificity
of ELISA for detecting antibodies against B. bovis were 87% (26/30) and
80% (24/30), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ICT for
detecting antibodies against B. bovis were 90% (27/30) and 83.3%
(25/30), respectively. The overall concordance determined for ELISA and
ICT was 94.4% (68/72) and 98.6% (71/72), respectively, when the
results were compared with those of IFAT. ICT was more sensitive and
specific in this comparative study, showing good strength of agreement
(k = 0.79) with respect to IFAT. ICT combines a strip-based assay system
that is fast, practical, and sensitive for detection of antibodies to B.
bovis, which suggests that it could be applied in the field without
requiring any laboratory equipment for its use and interpretation of
test results.
Filiaciones:
Lira-Amaya, Jose Juan:
Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, Mexico
Martinez-Garcia, Grecia:
Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, Mexico
Santamaria-Espinosa, R. Montserrat:
Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, Mexico
Castañeda-Arriola R.O.:
La Posta Experimental Field, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Veracruz-Cordoba Km. 22.5, Paso del Toro, Medellin, 94277, Mexico
Ojeda-Carrasco, Juan J.:
UAEM University Center Amecameca, Autonomous University Mexico State, Carr. Amecameca-Ayapango Km. 2.5, Amecameca, 56900, Mexico
avila-Ramirez, Guillermina:
Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito Escolar 411A, Copilco Universidad, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
Figueroa-Millan, Julio V.:
Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, Mexico
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