Effect of the natural establishment of two plant species on microbial activity, on the composition of the fungal community, and on the mitigation of potentially toxic elements in an abandoned mine tailing
Por:
Penelope Solis-Hernandez, Anaid, Chavez-Vergara, Bruno M., Rodriguez-Tovar, V, Aida, Beltran-Paz, I, Ofelia, Santillan, Jazmin, Rivera-Becerril, Facundo
Publicada:
1 ene 2022
Resumen:
In Mexico, millions of tons of mining wastes are deposited in the open
pit. Their content in potentially toxic elements (PTE) represents an
environmental risk. In the tailings, pioneer plant communities are
established, associated with a determined diversity of fungi; plants,
and fungi are fundamental in the natural rehabilitation of mining
wastes. The objective was to evaluate the impact of the natural
establishment of two plant species on the microbial activity, on the
composition of the fungal community, and on the mitigation of the effect
of PTE in a contaminated mine tailing. In a tailing, we selected three
sites: one non-vegetated; one vegetated by Reseda luteola, and one
vegetated by Asphodelus fistulosus. In the substrates, we conducted a
physical and chemical characterization; we evaluated the enzymatic
activity, the mineralization of the carbon, and the concentration of
PTE. We also determined the fungal diversity in the substrates and in
the interior of the roots, and estimated the accumulation of carbon,
nitrogen, phosphorus and PTE in plant tissues. The tailings had a high
percentage of sand; the non-vegetated site presented the highest
electric conductivity, and the plant cover reduced the concentration of
PTE in the substrates. Plants increased the carbon content in tailings.
The enzymatic activities of beta-glucosidase and dehydrogenase, and the
mineralization of carbon were highest at the site vegetated with A.
fistulosus. Both plant species accumulated PTE in their tissues and
exhibited potential in the phytoremediation of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd),
and copper (Cu). Fungal diversity was more elevated at the vegetated
sites than in the bare substrate. Ascomycota prevailed in the
substrates; the substrates and the plants shared some fungal taxa, but
other taxa were specific. The plant coverage and the rhizosphere
promoted the natural attenuation and a rehabilitation of the extreme
conditions of the mining wastes, modulated by the plant species. (c)
2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Filiaciones:
Penelope Solis-Hernandez, Anaid:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Doctorado Ciencias Biol & Salud, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Chavez-Vergara, Bruno M.:
Beltran-Paz, Ofelia, I, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Beltran-Paz, Ofelia, I, Lab Nacl Geoquim & Mineral, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Santillan, Jazmin:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Tierra, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Rivera-Becerril, Facundo:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Dept Hombre & Ambiente, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
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