Change of groundwater manifestations and characteristics of associated ecosystems in the Mexican semi-arid region
Por:
Orozco-Uribe, Landy C., Ortega-Guerrero, Marcos A., Cantoral-Uriza, Enrique A., Dominguez-Cortazar, Miguel A., Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Everardo
Publicada:
1 ene 2021
Resumen:
Background. The city of San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, was founded
in the semi-arid of Mexico in which historically there were numerous
springs in the lower part of the La Laja Upper Basin. Its history has
led to an excessive extraction of water from the aquifer to meet
different needs at the time. Goals. Understand the evolution of the
manifestations of groundwater in the Area of Hydrological Influence of
the city of San Miguel de Allende (AIHCSMA, in spanish) and in
particular the permanence of some springs that allow to identify
proposals of management towards the conservation of the vegetation and
the biodiversity, to recover the water operation in different scales of
time. Methods.It was madea delimitation of the area of influence was
elaborated with hydrological bases (AIH), hydrogeological, history,
mapping and characterization of the ecosystems associated to these
manifestations. Results. The hydrogeological environment is composed of
volcanic rocks in the upper parts of the sub-basin, as well as by poorly
consolidated sediments and alluvial fans in the middle and lower parts.
23 springs and three swamps were located and characterized; currently
two springs and one swamp have completely dried and two marshes have
diminished their historical flow. In the AIH there are 504 wells, of
which 61 hm(3)/year are extracted. The main water pathways are fractured
rocks and the granular medium. Conclusions. The location of the springs
and swamps is related to geological contact zones between different
tectonic structures, they present diverse characteristics that indicate
local flows and one of intermediate type; the decrease or loss of flow
is associated with the opening of nearby wells. Management proposals are
proposed towards the conservation of vegetation and biodiversity in the
sub-basin to recover water performance at different time scales.
Filiaciones:
Orozco-Uribe, Landy C.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Campus Juriquilla,Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
Ortega-Guerrero, Marcos A.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Campus Juriquilla,Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
Cantoral-Uriza, Enrique A.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Unidad Multidisciplinaria Docencia & Invest UMDI, Campus Juriquilla,Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
Dominguez-Cortazar, Miguel A.:
Univ Autonoma Queretaro, Fac Ciencias Nat, Fac Ingn, Campus UAQ Aeropuerto, Ejido Bolanos 76140, Queretaro, Mexico
Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Everardo:
Cantoral-Uriza, EA (Corresponding Author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Unidad Multidisciplinaria Docencia & Invest UMDI, Campus Juriquilla,Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro, Mexico. Orozco-Uribe, Landy C
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