Multilevel Approach for the Treatment of Giardiasis by Targeting Arginine Deiminase


Por: Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, de la Mora-de la Mora, Ignacio, Garcia-Torres, Itzhel, Enriquez-Flores, Sergio, Flores-Lopez, Luis, Gutierrez-Castrellon, Pedro, Yepez-Mulia, Lilian, Matadamas-Martinez, Felix, de Vos, Paul, Lopez-Velazquez, Gabriel

Publicada: 1 sep 2021
Resumen:
Giardiasis represents a latent problem in public health due to the exceptionally pathogenic strategies of the parasite Giardia lamblia for evading the human immune system. Strains resistant to first-line drugs are also a challenge. Therefore, new antigiardial therapies are urgently needed. Here, we tested giardial arginine deiminase (GlADI) as a target against giardiasis. GlADI belongs to an essential pathway in Giardia for the synthesis of ATP, which is absent in humans. In silico docking with six thiol-reactive compounds was performed; four of which are approved drugs for humans. Recombinant GlADI was used in enzyme inhibition assays, and computational in silico predictions and spectroscopic studies were applied to follow the enzyme's structural disturbance and identify possible effective drugs. Inhibition by modification of cysteines was corroborated using Ellman's method. The efficacy of these drugs on parasite viability was assayed on Giardia trophozoites, along with the inhibition of the endogenous GlADI. The most potent drug against GlADI was assayed on Giardia encystment. The tested drugs inhibited the recombinant GlADI by modifying its cysteines and, potentially, by altering its 3D structure. Only rabeprazole and omeprazole decreased trophozoite survival by inhibiting endogenous GlADI, while rabeprazole also decreased the Giardia encystment rate. These findings demonstrate the potential of GlADI as a target against giardiasis.

Filiaciones:
Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

de la Mora-de la Mora, Ignacio:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Garcia-Torres, Itzhel:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Enriquez-Flores, Sergio:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Flores-Lopez, Luis:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Gutierrez-Castrellon, Pedro:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Yepez-Mulia, Lilian:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Matadamas-Martinez, Felix:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

de Vos, Paul:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia

Lopez-Velazquez, Gabriel:
 Lopez-Velazquez, G (Corresponding Author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Biomol & Salud Infantil, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia, Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Errores Innatos Metab & Tamiz, Ciudad De Mexico 04530, Mexico. Fernandez-Lainez, Cynthia
ISSN: 16616596
Editorial
MDPI AG, POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND, Suiza
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 22 Número: 17
Páginas:
WOS Id: 000694339700001
ID de PubMed: 34502400
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