Moss (Hypnum amabile) as biomonitor of genotoxic damage and as bioaccumulator of atmospheric pollutants at five different sites of Mexico City and metropolitan area
Por:
Gomez-Arroyo, Sandra, Zavala-Sanchez, Miguel Angel, Alonso-Murillo, Cesar Damian, Cortes-Eslava, Josefina, Amador-Munoz, Omar, Jimenez-Garcia, Luis Felipe, Morton-Bermea, Ofelia
Publicada:
1 feb 2021
Resumen:
Mexico City has been classified as one megacity, its altitude, thermal
inversions, and high seasonal radiation are factors that prevent
dispersion of pollutants, which effects are detrimental to health.
Therefore, it is important to have an organism that allows evaluate the
damage caused by such exposure, as is the case of mosses that obtain
nutrients from the atmosphere; this property makes them excellent
biomonitors to evaluate genotoxic damage caused by exposure to
pollutants, in addition to its large accumulation capacity. For these
reasons and to relate the effects of atmospheric pollution with a
biological response, we propose to use the moss Hypnum amabile as a
bioaccumulator of atmospheric pollutants and biomonitor of the genotoxic
effect that the air pollution can induce it through the comet assay.
Mosses were placed in five localities of Mexico City and the
metropolitan area on the first days of each month of the dry (cold and
warm) and rainy seasons, with a 30-day exposure, after which they were
changed for a new sample (for 8 months). Each month, the moss exposed
was collected and nuclei were isolated to perform comet assay. To
demonstrate heavy metal bioaccumulation capacity, samples were observed
in a transmission electron microscope and qualitative microanalysis by
scanning electron microscopy was carried out parallel. The chemical
analysis detected 14 heavy metals by mass spectrometry method with
inductively coupled plasma source. Additionally, 22 polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons were also determined by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry. Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were
performed to compare DNA damage of each station against control, which
was maintained in the laboratory in a chamber with filtered air. This is
the first study on the genotoxicity of mosses exposed to the atmosphere
of Mexico City and metropolitan area that in addition to proving their
accumulation capacity shows their ability to respond to atmospheric
pollutants.
Filiaciones:
Gomez-Arroyo, Sandra:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Genotoxicol & Mutagenesis Ambiental, Ctr Ciencias Atmosfera, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Zavala-Sanchez, Miguel Angel:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Genotoxicol & Mutagenesis Ambiental, Ctr Ciencias Atmosfera, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Alonso-Murillo, Cesar Damian:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Genotoxicol & Mutagenesis Ambiental, Ctr Ciencias Atmosfera, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Cortes-Eslava, Josefina:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Genotoxicol & Mutagenesis Ambiental, Ctr Ciencias Atmosfera, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Amador-Munoz, Omar:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Genotoxicol & Mutagenesis Ambiental, Ctr Ciencias Atmosfera, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Jimenez-Garcia, Luis Felipe:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Lab Microscopia Elect, Edificio Tlahuizcalpan,Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Morton-Bermea, Ofelia:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Geomagnetismo & Explorac Geofis, Inst Geofis, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
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