First steps to understand the systematics of Echinorhynchidae Cobbold, 1876 (Acanthocephala), inferred through nuclear gene sequences
Por:
Garcia-Varela, Martin, Andrade-Gomez, Leopoldo
Publicada:
1 abr 2021
Resumen:
Acanthocephalans of the order Echinorhynchida are one of the most
diverse groups in their phylum, with approximately 470 species
classified into 11 families that largely consist of parasites of
freshwater, brackish and marine fishes and, sporadically, reptiles and
amphibians distributed worldwide. Previous phylogenies inferred with
molecular data have supported the paraphyly or polyphyly of some
families, suggesting that most of them have been diagnosed based on
unique combinations of characters, rather than shared derivative
features. We expand the taxonomic sampling of several genera such as
Acanthocephalus, Echinorhynchus and Pseudoacanthocephalus of
Echinorhynchidae from diverse biogeographical zones in the Americas,
Europe and Asia with the aim of testing the monophyly of the family by
using two molecular markers. Sequences from small (SSU) and large (LSU)
subunits of ribosomal DNA were obtained for six species representing the
genera Acanthocephalus and Echinorhynchus from the Neotropical,
Nearctic, Palearctic and Oriental regions. These sequences were aligned
with other sequences available in the GenBank dataset from
Echinorhynchidae. Phylogenetic trees inferred with the combined (SSU +
LSU) and the individual data sets consistently placed the genera
Acanthocephalus, Pseudoacanthocephalus and Echinorhynchus into three
independent lineages. Two families, Paracanthocephalidae Golvan, 1960,
and Pseudoacanthocephalidae Petrochenko, 1956, were resurrected to
accommodate the genera Acanthocephalus and Pseudoacanthocephalus,
respectively. The species of the genus Acanthocephalus from the
Nearctic, Palearctic and Oriental biogeographic regions formed a clade
that was well supported. However, Acanthocephalus amini from the
Neotropical region was nested inside Arhythmacanthidae. Therefore, the
genus Calakmulrhynchus was created to accommodate A. amini and resolve
the paraphyly of Acanthocephalus. Finally, the diagnoses of the families
Echinorhynchidae and Arhythmacanthidae were amended. The molecular
phylogenies should be used as a taxonomic framework to find shared
derived characters (synapomorphies) and build a more robust
classification scheme that reflects the evolutionary history of the
acanthocephalans.
Filiaciones:
Garcia-Varela, Martin:
Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Ave Univ 3000,Ciudad Univ, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
Andrade-Gomez, Leopoldo:
Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Ave Univ 3000,Ciudad Univ, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Biol, Ave Univ 3000,Ciudad Univ, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
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