Comparing the Effects of Chlorogenic Acid and Ilex paraguariensis Extracts on Different Markers of Brain Alterations in Rats Subjected to Chronic Restraint Stress
Por:
de Lima M.E., Ceolin Colpo A.Z., Maya-López M., Rangel-López E., Becerril-Chávez H., Galván-Arzate S., Villeda-Hernández J., Sánchez-Chapul L., Túnez I., Folmer V., Santamaría A.
Publicada:
1 ene 2019
Resumen:
Positive influence of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on human health issues has been attributed to its frequent consumption in South American countries and is assumed to be due to its high content of antioxidant compounds, including chlorogenic acid (CGA); however, hard evidence about its positive effects under chronic stress conditions is still required. In this study, the effects of yerba mate extracts (IpE), and its main compound chlorogenic acid (CGA), on behavioral and morphological endpoints of brain damage induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS) to rats were evaluated and compared. CRS sessions were performed during 21 days. IpE (200 mg/mL, p.o.) or CGA (2 mg/mL, p.o.) were administered daily 30 min before stress. Behavioral tests comprised motor skills and anxiety-like activity. Histological (H&E) and histochemical changes were explored in three brain regions: cortex (Cx), hippocampus (Hp), and striatum (S). Rats subjected to CRS exhibited hypoactive patterns of locomotor activity. Rats receiving IpE before CRS preserved the basal locomotor activity. Stressed animals also augmented the anxiety-like activity, whereas IpE normalized exploratory behavior. Stressed animals presented cell damage in all regions. Morphological damage was more effectively prevented by IpE than CGA. Stressed animals also augmented the expression/localization pattern of the tumor necrosis factor alpha in the striatum and the expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in the hippocampus (stratum moleculare) and cortex, whereas IpE and CGA reduced the expression of these molecules. In turn, CGA exhibited only moderate protective effects on all markers analyzed. Our findings support a protective role of IpE against CRS, which may be related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of its compounds. Since CGA was unable to prevent all the alterations induced by CRS, it is concluded that the protective properties of the whole extract of Ilex paraguariensis are the result of the combined effects of all its natural antioxidant compounds, and not only of the properties of CGA. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Filiaciones:
de Lima M.E.:
Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, Brazil
Ceolin Colpo A.Z.:
Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, Brazil
Maya-López M.:
Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
Rangel-López E.:
Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
Becerril-Chávez H.:
Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
Galván-Arzate S.:
Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
Villeda-Hernández J.:
Laboratorio de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
Sánchez-Chapul L.:
Servicio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Mexico City, Mexico
Túnez I.:
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería/Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
Folmer V.:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, Brazil
Santamaría A.:
Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
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