The deglaciation of the Americas during the Last Glacial Termination
Por:
Palacios, David, Stokes, Chris R., Phillips, Fred M., Clague, John J., Alcala-Reygosa, Jesus, Andres, Nuria, Angel, Isandra, Blard P.-H., Briner, Jason P., Hall, Brenda L., Dahms, Dennis, Hein, Andrew S., Jomelli, Vincent, Mark, Bryan G., Martini, Mateo A., Moreno, Patricio, Riedel, Jon, Sagredo, Esteban, Stansell, Nathan D., Vazquez-Selem, Lorenzo, Vuille, Mathias, Ward, Dylan J.
Publicada:
1 abr 2020
Categoría:
Earth and planetary sciences (miscellaneous)
Resumen:
This paper reviews current understanding of deglaciation in North,
Central and South America from the Last Glacial Maximum to the beginning
of the Holocene. Together with paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic data,
we compare and contrast the pace of deglaciation and the response of
glaciers to major climate events. During the Global Last Glacial Maximum
(GLGM, 26.5-19 ka), average temperatures decreased 4 degrees to 8
degrees C in the Americas, but precipitation varied strongly throughout
this large region. Many glaciers in North and Central America achieved
their maximum extent during the GLGM, whereas others advanced even
farther during the subsequent Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS-1). Glaciers in the
Andes also expanded during the GLGM, but that advance was not the
largest, except on Tierra del Fuego. HS-1 (17.5-14.6 ka) was a time of
general glacier thickening and advance throughout most of North and
Central America, and in the tropical Andes; however, glaciers in the
temperate and subpolar Andes thinned and retreated during this period.
During the Bolling-Allerod interstadial (B-A, 14.6-12.9 ka), glaciers
retreated throughout North and Central America and, in some cases,
completely disappeared. Many glaciers advanced during the Antarctic Cold
Reversal (ACR, 14.6-12.9 ka) in the tropical Andes and Patagonia. There
were small advances of glaciers in North America, Central America and in
northern South America (Venezuela) during the Younger Dryas (12.9-11.7
ka), but glaciers in central and southern South America retreated during
this period, except on the Altiplano where advances were driven by an
increase in precipitation. Taken together, we suggest that there was a
climate compensation effect, or `seesaw', between the hemispheres, which
affected not only marine currents and atmospheric circulation, but also
the behavior of glaciers. This seesaw is consistent with the opposing
behavior of many glaciers in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Filiaciones:
Department of Geography, Complutense University, Madrid, 28040, Spain
Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
Earth & Environmental Science Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr. Burnaby, Brtish Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Simón Bolívar, 89000, Caracas, 1081-A, Venezuela
Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), CNRS - Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, 15 rue Notre Dame des Pauvres, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, 54500, France
Laboratoire de Glaciologie, DGES-IGEOS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, 1050, Belgium
Department of Geology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States
Department of Earth Sciences and the Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States
Department of Geography, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0406, United States
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, United Kingdom
Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, CNRS Laboratoire de Géographie Physique, Meudon, 92195, France
Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, 108 Scott Hall 1090 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Chile
Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Chile
Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra (CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, UNC), Vélez Sársfled 1611, Córdoba, X5016GCA, Argentina
Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate, Center for Climate Research and Resilience, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile
Department of Ecological Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
North Cascades National Park, U.S. National Park Service, SedroWoolley, WA, United States
Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate and Instituto de Geografía Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Geology and Environmental Geosciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, United States
Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Unversitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY 12222, United States
Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45224, United States
Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Geog, Madrid 28040, Spain
Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Durham DH1 3LE, England
New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, 801 Leroy Pl, Socorro, NM 87801 USA
Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Filosofia & Letras, Ciudad Univ, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Ciencias Tierra, Caracas 1081, Venezuela
Univ Lorraine, CRPG, CNRS, UMR 7358, 15 Rue Notre Dame Pauvres, F-54500 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
Univ Libre Bruxelles, Lab Glaciol, DGES IGEOS, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Univ Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
Univ Maine, Dept Earth Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA
Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA
Univ Northern Iowa, Dept Geog, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA
Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Drummond St, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland
Univ Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne, CNRS, Lab Geog Phys, F-92195 Meudon, France
Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar & Climate Res Ctr, 108 Scott Hall 1090 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
Univ Chile, Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate, Palmeras 3425, Nunoa, Chile
Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Geog, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Macul 7820436, Chile
UNC, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, CONICET, Ctr Invest Ciencias Tierra, Velez Sarsfled 1611,X5016GCA, Cordoba, Argentina
Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate, Inst Ecol & Biodivers, Ctr Climate Res & Resilience, Nunoa, Chile
Univ Chile, Dept Ecol Sci, Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
Natl Pk Serv, North Cascades Natl Pk, Sedrowoolley, WA USA
Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate, Santiago, Chile
Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Geog, Santiago, Chile
Northern Illinois Univ, Geol & Environm Geosci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geog, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA
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