Eruptive chronology of the Acoculco caldera complex – A resurgent caldera in the eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (México)
Por:
Avellán D.R., Macías J.L., Layer, Paul W., Sosa-Ceballos, Giovanni, Gómez-Vasconcelos M.G., Cisneros-Maximo, Guillermo, Sánchez-Núñez J.M., Marti, Joan, Garcia-Tenorio, Felipe, Lopez-Loerag, Hector, Pola, Antonio, Benowitz, Jeff
Publicada:
1 ene 2020
Resumen:
The Acoculco caldera complex (ACC) is located in the eastern part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt in the northern part of the State of Puebla. The complex sits at the intersection of two regional fault systems with NE-SW and NW-SE orientations. The ACC was built atop Cretaceous limestones, the Zacatán basaltic plateau of unknown age, early Miocene domes (~12.7–10.98 Ma), and Pliocene lava domes (~3.9–3 Ma). Detailed field mapping and stratigraphy studies complemented by 40Ar/39Ar and 14C dating allowed the division of the ACC volcanic succession into 30 volcanic units. Based on the new results and previous studies, the ACC eruptive chronology was grouped in four eruptive phases: syn-caldera, early post-caldera, late post-caldera, and extra-caldera. Inception of the ACC volcanism began around 2.7 Ma with the dispersion of an andesitic ignimbrite followed by the collapse of the magma chamber roof as attested by the presence of a lithic breccia in isolated parts of the caldera rim. The collapse produced a 18 × 16 km caldera depression which was partly filled by the ignimbrite (total volume of ~127 km3) followed by the establishment of an intracaldera lake of unknown total extension. Early post-caldera collapse activity (2.6–2.1 Ma) was restricted within the caldera producing 27 km3 of lava flows and domes dominantly of basaltic trachyandesite to basaltic composition. Late post-caldera collapse activity (2.0-<0.016 Ma) migrated dominantly to the caldera rim and periphery emplacing 90 km3 of magma as rhyolitic domes, lava flows, scoria cones, and two younger ignimbrites. The 1.2 Ma Encimadas ignimbrite (26 km3) was vented through the eastern margin of the caldera and dispersed to the northeast, and the 0.6–0.8 Ma Tecoloquillo ignimbrite and dome (11 km3) erupted from the southwestern margin of the caldera. The most recent eruption of this phase was vented close to the southeastern caldera rim producing the Cuatzitzingo (<16,710 ± 50 years BP) scoria cone. Extra-caldera activity (2.4–0.19 Ma) of the Apan–Tezontepec volcanic field produced scoria cones and lava flows of basaltic trachyandesite to basaltic andesite composition that are interbedded with the products of the caldera complex. Aeromagnetic data further constrains the edge of the caldera rim and is consistent with the presence of at least four intrusive bodies at depths of >1 km hosted in the Cretaceous limestones. These bodies might represent a series of horizontal mafic intrusions located at different depths that provide the energy that maintains the Acoculco geothermal system active. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Filiaciones:
CONACYT – Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Morelia, Michoacán 58190, Mexico
Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Morelia, Michoacán 58190, Mexico
College of Natural Science, Mathematics and Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States
CONACYT – Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mujica s/n, Felicitas del Río, Morelia, Michoacán 58040, Mexico
Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CIIEMAD, Miguel Othón de Mendizábal S/n. Col. La Escalera, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, C.P. 07320, Mexico
Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra Jaume Almera, CSIC, LLuis Sole Sabaris, s/n, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
División de Geociencias Aplicadas, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, San Luis Potosí S.L.P, C-P. 78216, Mexico
Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Morelia, Michoacán 58190, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CONACYT, Inst Geofis, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico
Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Coll Nat Sci, Math & Geophys Inst, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Univ Michoacan San Nicolas Hidalgo, CONACYT, Inst Invest Ciencias Tierra, Francisco J Mujica S-N, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico
Inst Politecn Nacl CIIEMAD, Miguel Othon de Mendizabal S-N, Ciudad De Mexico 07320, Mexico
CSIC, Inst Ciencias Tierra Jaume Almera, LLuis Sole Sabcuis S-N, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
Inst Potosino Invest Cient & Tecnol AC, Div Geociencias Aplicadas, Camino Presa San Jose 2055,Lomas 4a Secc, San Luis Potosi 78216, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Escuela Nacl Estudios Super, Antigua Carretera Patztuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico
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