Wet and dry tropical forests show opposite successional pathways in wood density but converge over time
Por:
Poorter L., Rozendaal D.M.A., Bongers F., de Almeida-Cortez J.S., Almeyda Zambrano A.M., Álvarez F.S., Andrade J.L., Villa L.F.A., Balvanera P., Becknell J.M., Bentos T.V., Bhaskar R., Boukili V., Brancalion P.H.S., Broadbent E.N., César R.G., Chave J., Chazdon R.L., Colletta G.D., Craven D., de Jong B.H.J., Denslow J.S., Dent D.H., DeWalt S.J., García E.D., Dupuy J.M., Durán S.M., Espírito Santo M.M., Fandiño M.C., Fernandes G.W., Finegan B., Moser V.G., Hall J.S., Hernández-Stefanoni J.L., Jakovac C.C., Junqueira A.B., Kennard D., Lebrija-Trejos E., Letcher S.G., Lohbeck M., Lopez O.R., Marín-Spiotta E., Martínez-Ramos M., Martins S.V., Massoca P.E.S., Meave J.A., Mesquita R., Mora F., de Souza Moreno V., Müller S.C., Muñoz R., Muscarella R., de Oliveira Neto S.N., Nunes Y.R.F., Ochoa-Gaona S., Paz H., Peña-Claros M., Piotto D., Ruíz J., Sanaphre-Villanueva L., Sanchez-Azofeifa A., Schwartz N.B., Steininger M.K., Thomas W.W., Toledo M., Uriarte M., Utrera L.P., van Breugel M., van der Sande M.T., van der Wal H., Veloso M.D.M., Vester H.F.M., Vieira I.C.G., Villa P.M., Williamson G.B., Wright S.J., Zanini K.J., Zimmerman J.K., Westoby M.
Publicada:
1 ene 2019
Resumen:
Tropical forests are converted at an alarming rate for agricultural use and pastureland, but also regrow naturally through secondary succession. For successful forest restoration, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of secondary succession. These mechanisms may vary across forest types, but analyses across broad spatial scales are lacking. Here, we analyse forest recovery using 1,403 plots that differ in age since agricultural abandonment from 50 sites across the Neotropics. We analyse changes in community composition using species-specific stem wood density (WD), which is a key trait for plant growth, survival and forest carbon storage. In wet forest, succession proceeds from low towards high community WD (acquisitive towards conservative trait values), in line with standard successional theory. However, in dry forest, succession proceeds from high towards low community WD (conservative towards acquisitive trait values), probably because high WD reflects drought tolerance in harsh early successional environments. Dry season intensity drives WD recovery by influencing the start and trajectory of succession, resulting in convergence of the community WD over time as vegetation cover builds up. These ecological insights can be used to improve species selection for reforestation. Reforestation species selected to establish a first protective canopy layer should, among other criteria, ideally have a similar WD to the early successional communities that dominate under the prevailing macroclimatic conditions. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
Filiaciones:
Poorter L.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
Rozendaal D.M.A.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Bongers F.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
de Almeida-Cortez J.S.:
Departamento de Botânica, CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Univ Fed Pernambuco, CCB, Dept Bot, Recife, PE, Brazil
Almeyda Zambrano A.M.:
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Álvarez F.S.:
Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Ctr Agron Trop Invest & Enserianza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Andrade J.L.:
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Mérida, Mexico
Villa L.F.A.:
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
Balvanera P.:
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
Becknell J.M.:
Environmental Studies Program, Colby College, Waterville, ME, United States
Colby Coll, Environm Studies Program, Waterville, ME 04901 USA
Bentos T.V.:
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
Bhaskar R.:
College of Design, Engineering, and Commerce, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Thomas Jefferson Univ, Coll Design Engn & Commerce, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
Boukili V.:
Somerville City Hall, Somerville, MA, United States
Somerville City Hall, Somerville, MA USA
Brancalion P.H.S.:
Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Broadbent E.N.:
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
César R.G.:
Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Forest Sci, Piracicaba, Brazil
Chave J.:
Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
Univ Paul Sabatier, CNRS, UMR5174, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, Toulouse, France
Chazdon R.L.:
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA
Univ Sunshine Coast, Trop Forests & People Res Ctr, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
Colletta G.D.:
Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
Craven D.:
Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Univ Gottingen, Fac Forest Sci & Forest Ecol, Biodivers Macroecol & Biogeog, Gottingen, Germany
de Jong B.H.J.:
Department of Sustainability Science, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Lerma, Mexico
Denslow J.S.:
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
Dent D.H.:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama
Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling, Scotland
DeWalt S.J.:
Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA
García E.D.:
Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Forest Sci, Piracicaba, Brazil
Dupuy J.M.:
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Mérida, Mexico
Durán S.M.:
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
Univ Alberta, Earth & Atmospher Sci Dept, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA
Espírito Santo M.M.:
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
Univ Estadual Montes Claros, Dept Biol Geral, Montes Claros, Brazil
Fandiño M.C.:
Fondo Patrimonio Natural, Bogotá, Colombia
Fernandes G.W.:
Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade/DBG, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Univ Fed Minas Gerais, ICB, Ecol Evolut & Biodiversidade DBG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Finegan B.:
Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Ctr Agron Trop Invest & Enserianza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Moser V.G.:
Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Hall J.S.:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, ForestGEO, Panama City, Panama
Hernández-Stefanoni J.L.:
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Mérida, Mexico
Ctr Invest Cientif Yucatan, Unidad Recursos Nat, Merida, Mexico
Jakovac C.C.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Centre for Conservation and Sustainability Science (CSRio), Department of Geography and the Environment, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
Bentos, Tony, V , Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
Int Inst Sustainabil, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio de Janeiro, Dept Geog & Environm, Ctr Conservat & Sustainabil Sci CSRio, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Junqueira A.B.:
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Centre for Conservation and Sustainability Science (CSRio), Department of Geography and the Environment, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Institut de Ciència I Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Bentos, Tony, V , Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
Int Inst Sustainabil, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio de Janeiro, Dept Geog & Environm, Ctr Conservat & Sustainabil Sci CSRio, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Univ Autanoma Barcelona, Inst Ciencia & Tecnol Ambientals, Barcelona, Spain
Kennard D.:
Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO, United States
Colorado Mesa Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Grand Junction, CO USA
Lebrija-Trejos E.:
Department of Biology and the Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa-Oranim, Tivon, Israel
Univ Haifa, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Biol & Environm, Tivon, Israel
Letcher S.G.:
College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
Coll Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME USA
Lohbeck M.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya
Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
World Agroforestry ICRAF, Nairobi, Kenya
Lopez O.R.:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, Panama City, Panama
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama
Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Panama City, Panama
Marín-Spiotta E.:
Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA
Martínez-Ramos M.:
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
Martins S.V.:
Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Massoca P.E.S.:
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
Meave J.A.:
Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol & Recursos Nat, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Mesquita R.:
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
Mora F.:
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
de Souza Moreno V.:
Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Müller S.C.:
Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Ecol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Muñoz R.:
Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Muscarella R.:
Department of Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Dept Plant Ecol & Evolut, Uppsala, Sweden
Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Sect Ecoinformat & Biodivers, Aarhus, Denmark
de Oliveira Neto S.N.:
Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Martins, Sebastiao, V , Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Engn Florestal, Vicosa, MG, Brazil
Nunes Y.R.F.:
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
Ochoa-Gaona S.:
Department of Sustainability Science, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Lerma, Mexico
El Colegio Frontera, Dept Sustainabil Sci, Lerma, Mexico
Paz H.:
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
Peña-Claros M.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Piotto D.:
Centro de Formação em Ciências Agroflorestais, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Itabuna, Brazil
Univ Fed Bahia, Ctr Formagaio Ciencias Agroflorestais, Itabuna, Brazil
Ruíz J.:
School of Social Sciences, Geography Area, Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
Univ Pedagog & Tecnol Colombia, Geog Area, Sch Social Sci, Tunja, Colombia
Sanaphre-Villanueva L.:
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Mérida, Mexico
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad, Villahermosa, Mexico
Ctr Invest Cientif Yucatan, Unidad Recursos Nat, Merida, Mexico
Consejo Nacl Ciencia & Technol, Ctr Cambio Global & Sustentabilidad, Villahermosa, Mexico
Sanchez-Azofeifa A.:
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Univ Alberta, Earth & Atmospher Sci Dept, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Schwartz N.B.:
Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Steininger M.K.:
Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Thomas W.W.:
Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY, United States
New York Bot Garden, Inst Systemat Bot, New York, NY USA
Toledo M.:
FCA-UAGRM, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
FCA UAGRM, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Uriarte M.:
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY USA
Utrera L.P.:
Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Ctr Agron Trop Invest & Enserianza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
van Breugel M.:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, ForestGEO, Panama City, Panama
Yale NUS Coll, Singapore, Singapore
Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore, Singapore
van der Sande M.T.:
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Halle, Germany
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Community Ecol, Halle, Germany
German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany
Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA
Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
van der Wal H.:
Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Villahermosa, Centro, Mexico
Colegio Frontera Sur, Unidad Villahermosa, Dept Agr Soc & Ambiente, Centro, Mexico
Veloso M.D.M.:
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
Vester H.F.M.:
Bonhoeffer College, Enschede, Netherlands
Vieira I.C.G.:
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil
Villa P.M.:
Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Fundación para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Mérida, Venezuela
Martins, Sebastiao, V , Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Engn Florestal, Vicosa, MG, Brazil
Fdn Conservac Biodiversidad, Merida, Venezuela
Williamson G.B.:
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
Bentos, Tony, V , Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
Wright S.J.:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama
Zanini K.J.:
Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Zimmerman J.K.:
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States
Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
Westoby M.:
Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Wageningen Univ & Res, Lab Geoinformat Sci & Remote Sensing, Wageningen, Netherlands
Wageningen Univ & Res, Plant Prod Syst Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
Wageningen Univ & Res, Ctr Crop Syst Anal, Wageningen, Netherlands
Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Fondo Patrimonio Nat, Bogota, Colombia
Bonhoeffer Coll, Enschede, Netherlands
Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil
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