Kepler Object of Interest Network I. First results combining ground- and space-based observations of Kepler systems with transit timing variations
Por:
Von Essen C., Ofir A., Dreizler S., Agol E., Freudenthal, J., Hernandez, J., Wedemeyer, S., Parkash, V., Deeg, H. J., Hoyer, S., Morris, B. M., Becker, A. C., Sun, L., Gu, S. H., Herrero, E., Tal-Or, L., Poppenhaeger, K., Mallonn, M., Albrecht, S., Khalafinejad, S., Boumis, P., Delgado-Correal, C., Fabrycky, D. C., Janulis, R., Lalitha, S., Liakos, A., Mikolaitis, S., Moyano D'Angelo, M. L., Sokov, E., Pakstiene, E., Popov, A., Krushinsky, V., Ribas, I., Rodriguez, M. M. S., Rusov, S., Sokova, I., Tautvaisiene, G., Wang, X.
Publicada:
17 jul 2018
Resumen:
During its four years of photometric observations, the Kepler space
telescope detected thousands of exoplanets and exoplanet candidates. One
of Kepler's greatest heritages has been the confirmation and
characterization of hundreds of multi-planet systems via transit timing
variations (TTVs). However, there are many interesting candidate systems
displaying TTVs on such long timescales that the existing Kepler
observations are of insufficient length to confirm and characterize them
by means of this technique. To continue with Kepler's unique work, we
have organized the ``Kepler Object of Interest Network'' (KOINet), a
multi-site network formed of several telescopes located throughout
America, Europe, and Asia. The goals of KOINet are to complete the TTV
curves of systems where Kepler did not cover the interaction timescales
well, to dynamically prove that some candidates are true planets (or
not), to dynamically measure the masses and bulk densities of some
planets, to find evidence for non-transiting planets in some of the
systems, to extend Kepler's baseline adding new data with the main
purpose of improving current models of TTVs, and to build a platform
that can observe almost anywhere on the northern hemisphere, at almost
any time. KOINet has been operational since March 2014. Here we show
some promising first results obtained from analyzing seven primary
transits of KOI1-0410.01, KOI-0525.01, KOI-0760.01, and KOI-0902.01, in
addition to the Kepler data acquired during the first and second
observing seasons of KOINet. While carefully choosing the targets we set
demanding constraints on timing precision (at least 1 min) and
photometric precision (as good as one part per thousand) that were
achieved by means of our observing strategies and data analysis
techniques. For KOI-0410.01, new transit data revealed a turnover of its
TTVs. We carried out an in-depth study of the system, which is
identified in the NASA Data Validation Report as a false positive. Among
others, we investigated a gravitationally bound hierarchical triple star
system and a planet-star system. While the simultaneous transit fitting
of ground- and space-based data allowed for a planet solution, we could
not fully reject the three-star scenario. New data, already scheduled in
the upcoming 2018 observing season, will set tighter constraints on the
nature of the system.
Filiaciones:
Von Essen C.:
Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Georg August Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
Ofir A.:
Georg August Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel
Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
Dreizler S.:
Georg August Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
Agol E.:
Univ Washington, Astron Dept, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Inst Astrophys Paris, 98 Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France
NASA, Astrobiol Inst, Virtual Planetary Lab Team, Seattle, WA USA
Astronomy Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
Freudenthal, J.:
Georg August Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Hernandez, J.:
UNAM, Inst Astron, Campus Ensenada,Carretera Tijuana Ensenada Km 103, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico
Wedemeyer, S.:
Univ Oslo, Rosseland Ctr Solar Phys, POB 1029 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, POB 1029 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
Parkash, V.:
Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Monash Ctr Astrophys MoCA, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
Deeg, H. J.:
Inst Astrofis Canarias, C Via Lactea S-N, Tenerife 38205, Spain
Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain
Hoyer, S.:
Inst Astrofis Canarias, C Via Lactea S-N, Tenerife 38205, Spain
Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, Marseille, France
Morris, B. M.:
Univ Washington, Astron Dept, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Becker, A. C.:
Univ Washington, Astron Dept, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Sun, L.:
Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, POB 110, Kunming 650216, Yunnan, Peoples R China
Gu, S. H.:
Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, POB 110, Kunming 650216, Yunnan, Peoples R China
Herrero, E.:
CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, C Can Magrans S-N,Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
Tal-Or, L.:
Georg August Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Geosci, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
Poppenhaeger, K.:
Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland
Mallonn, M.:
Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam, Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany
Albrecht, S.:
Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Khalafinejad, S.:
Hamburg Univ, Hamburg Observ, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
Boumis, P.:
Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, Metaxa & Vas Pavlou St, Athens, Greece
Delgado-Correal, C.:
Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
Fabrycky, D. C.:
Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
Janulis, R.:
Vilnius Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
Lalitha, S.:
Indian Inst Astrophys, Koramangala 2 Block, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India
Liakos, A.:
Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, Metaxa & Vas Pavlou St, Athens, Greece
Mikolaitis, S.:
Vilnius Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
Moyano D'Angelo, M. L.:
Univ Catolica Norte, Inst Astron, Ave Angamos, Antofagasta 0610, Chile
Sokov, E.:
Russian Acad Sci, Cent Astron Observ Pulkovo, Pulkovskoje Shosse d65, St Petersburg 196140, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, Special Astrophys Observ, Nizhnii Arkhyz 369167, Russia
Pakstiene, E.:
Vilnius Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
Popov, A.:
Ural Fed Univ, Kourovka Astron Observ, Mira Str 19, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
Krushinsky, V.:
Ural Fed Univ, Kourovka Astron Observ, Mira Str 19, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
Ribas, I.:
CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, C Can Magrans S-N,Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
Rodriguez, M. M. S.:
UNAM, Inst Astron, Campus Ensenada,Carretera Tijuana Ensenada Km 103, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico
Rusov, S.:
Russian Acad Sci, Cent Astron Observ Pulkovo, Pulkovskoje Shosse d65, St Petersburg 196140, Russia
Sokova, I.:
Russian Acad Sci, Cent Astron Observ Pulkovo, Pulkovskoje Shosse d65, St Petersburg 196140, Russia
Tautvaisiene, G.:
Vilnius Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
Wang, X.:
Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, POB 110, Kunming 650216, Yunnan, Peoples R China
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