Asymptomatic Intestinal Colonization with Protist Blastocystis Is Strongly Associated with Distinct Microbiome Ecological Patterns
Por:
Nieves-Ramirez, M. E., Partida-Rodriguez, O., Laforest-Lapointe, I., Reynolds, L. A., Brown, E. M., Valdez-Salazar, A., Moran-Silva, P., Rojas-Velazquez, L., Morien, E., Parfrey, L. W., Jin, M., Walter, J., Torres, J., Arrieta, M. C., Ximenez-Garcia, C., Finlay, B. B.
Publicada:
1 may 2018
Resumen:
Blastocystis is the most prevalent protist of the human intestine,
colonizing approximately 20% of the North American population and up to
100% in some nonindustrialized settings. Blastocystis is associated
with gastrointestinal and systemic disease but can also be an
asymptomatic colonizer in large populations. While recent findings in
humans have shown bacterial microbiota changes associated with this
protist, it is unknown whether these occur due to the presence of
Blastocystis or as a result of inflammation. To explore this, we
evaluated the fecal bacterial and eukaryotic microbiota in 156
asymptomatic adult subjects from a rural population in Xoxocotla,
Mexico. Colonization with Blastocystis was strongly associated with an
increase in bacterial alpha diversity and broad changes in beta
diversity and with more discrete changes to the microbial eukaryome.
More than 230 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), including those of
dominant species Prevotella copri and Ruminococcus bromii, were
differentially abundant in Blastocystis-colonized individuals. Large
functional changes accompanied these observations, with differential
abundances of 202 (out of 266) predicted metabolic pathways (PICRUSt),
as well as lower fecal concentrations of acetate, butyrate, and
propionate in colonized individuals. Fecal calprotectin was markedly
decreased in association with Blastocystis colonization, suggesting that
this ecological shift induces subclinical immune consequences to the
asymptomatic host. This work is the first to show a direct association
between the presence of Blastocystis and shifts in the gut bacterial and
eukaryotic microbiome in the absence of gastrointestinal disease or
inflammation. These results prompt further investigation of the role
Blastocystis and other eukaryotes play within the human microbiome.
IMPORTANCE Given the results of our study and other reports of the
effects of the most common human gut protist on the diversity and
composition of the bacterial microbiome, Blastocystis and, possibly,
other gut protists should be studied as ecosystem engineers that drive
community diversity and composition.
Filiaciones:
Nieves-Ramirez, M. E.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Med Expt, Lab Immunol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Partida-Rodriguez, O.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Med Expt, Lab Immunol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Laforest-Lapointe, I.:
Univ Calgary, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Calgary, AB, Canada
Univ Calgary, Dept Pediat, Calgary, AB, Canada
Reynolds, L. A.:
Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC, Canada
Brown, E. M.:
Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Valdez-Salazar, A.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Med Expt, Lab Immunol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Moran-Silva, P.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Med Expt, Lab Immunol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Rojas-Velazquez, L.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Med Expt, Lab Immunol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Morien, E.:
Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Parfrey, L. W.:
Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Jin, M.:
Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
Walter, J.:
Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Torres, J.:
IMSS, UMAE Pediat, Unidad Invest Enfermedades Infecciosas, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Arrieta, M. C.:
Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Univ Calgary, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Calgary, AB, Canada
Univ Calgary, Dept Pediat, Calgary, AB, Canada
Ximenez-Garcia, C.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Med Expt, Lab Immunol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Finlay, B. B.:
Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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