Cellular Senescence, Neurological Function, and Redox State
Por:
Angel Maciel-Baron, Luis, Moreno-Blas, Daniel, Lizbeth Morales-Rosales, Sandra, Yazmin Gonzalez-Puertos, Viridiana, Edith Lopez-Diazguerrero, Norma, Torres, Claudio, Castro-Obregon, Susana, Konigsberg, Mina
Publicada:
1 jun 2018
Resumen:
Significance: Cellular senescence, characterized by permanent cell cycle
arrest, has been extensively studied in mitotic cells such as
fibroblasts. However, senescent cells have also been observed in the
brain. Even though it is recognized that cellular energetic metabolism
and redox homeostasis are perturbed in the aged brain and
neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), it is still unknown which alterations
in the overall physiology can stimulate cellular senescence induction
and their relationship with the former events.
Recent Advances: Recent findings have shown that during prolonged
inflammatory and pathologic events, the blood-brain barrier could be
compromised and immune cells might enter the brain; this fact along with
the brain's high oxygen dependence might result in oxidative damage to
macromolecules and therefore senescence induction. Thus, cellular
senescence in different brain cell types is revised here.
Critical Issues: Most information related to cellular senescence in the
brain has been obtained from research in glial cells since it has been
assumed that the senescent phenotype is a feature exclusive to mitotic
cells. Nevertheless, neurons with senescence hallmarks have been
observed in old mouse brains. Therefore, although this is a
controversial topic in the field, here we summarize and integrate the
observations from several studies and propose that neurons indeed
senesce.
Future Directions: It is still unknown which alterations in the overall
metabolism can stimulate senescence induction in the aged brain, what
are the mechanisms and signaling pathways, and what is their
relationship to NDD development. The understanding of these processes
will expose new targets to intervene age-associated pathologies.
Filiaciones:
Angel Maciel-Baron, Luis:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Ciencias Salud, Div Ciencias Biol & Salud, Av San Rafael Altixco 186,AP 55-535, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico
UAMI, Biol Expt, Iztapalapa, Mexico
Moreno-Blas, Daniel:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Dept Neurodesarrollo & Fisiol, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico
UNAM, Ciencias Bioquim, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico
Lizbeth Morales-Rosales, Sandra:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Ciencias Salud, Div Ciencias Biol & Salud, Av San Rafael Altixco 186,AP 55-535, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico
UAMI, Biol Expt, Iztapalapa, Mexico
Yazmin Gonzalez-Puertos, Viridiana:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Ciencias Salud, Div Ciencias Biol & Salud, Av San Rafael Altixco 186,AP 55-535, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico
Edith Lopez-Diazguerrero, Norma:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Ciencias Salud, Div Ciencias Biol & Salud, Av San Rafael Altixco 186,AP 55-535, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico
Torres, Claudio:
Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
Castro-Obregon, Susana:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Dept Neurodesarrollo & Fisiol, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico
Konigsberg, Mina:
Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Ciencias Salud, Div Ciencias Biol & Salud, Av San Rafael Altixco 186,AP 55-535, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico
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