The water balance for the Basin of the Valley of Mexico and implications for future water consumption
Por:
Birkle P., Torres Rodríguez V., González Partida E.
Publicada:
1 ene 1998
Resumen:
The Basin of the Valley of Mexico is a closed basin of 9600 km2, where average annual precipitation (1980-85) is 746mm (226.7 m3/s). Calculated actual evapotranspiration is 72-79% of the precipitation. The surrounding mountain ranges of the Sierra de Las Cruces, Sierra Nevada, and Sierra Chichinautzin are the main recharge areas for the enclosed Basin, in decreasing order. Calculated recharge rate is a maximum of 19 m3/s in the Metropolitan Zone, whereas a recent estimate of the groundwater exploitation rate indicates that 51.35 m3/s is being withdrawn from the Basin aquifer systems, resulting in a deficit of more than 30 m3/s. Taking into account infiltration processes by leaking water-supply systems, the calculated deficit is reduced to 20.5 m3/s. Overexploitation of the natural aquifer systems is also indicated by an average annual decline of 1 m of the potentiometric levels of the shallow groundwater systems. Possible solutions include: (1) the use of surface runoff water (unused amount in 1995:17.6 m3/s) for consumption purposes, which is currently pumped to areas outside the Basin; (2) an increased number and capacity of treatment plants; (3) the renovation of the leaky water-distribution network; (4) the reinjection of treated water; and (5) possible exploitation of deep regional aquifer systems.
Filiaciones:
Birkle P.:
Institute of Electrical Research, Geothermal Unit, A.P. 1-475, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62001, Mexico
Torres Rodríguez V.:
Institute of Electrical Research, Geothermal Unit, A.P. 1-475, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62001, Mexico
González Partida E.:
Earth Sciences Research Unit, UNAM Campus, A.P. 1-1141, Juriquilla, Qro, Queretaro, C.P. 76001, Mexico
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