Immunization with neural derived peptides plus scar removal induces a permissive microenvironment, and improves locomotor recovery after chronic spinal cord injury
Por:
Rodriguez-Barrera, Roxana, Flores-Romero, Adrian, Maria Fernandez-Presas, Ana, Garcia-Vences, Elisa, Silva-Garcia, Raul, Konigsberg, Mina, Blancas-Espinoza, Liliana, Buzoianu-Anguiano, Vinnitsa, Soria-Zavala, Karla, Suarez-Meade, Paola, Ibarra, Antonio
Publicada:
5 ene 2017
Resumen:
Background: Immunization with neural derived peptides (INDP) as well as
scar removal-separately-have shown to induce morphological and
functional improvement after spinal cord injury (SCI). In the present
study, we compared the effect of INDP alone versus INDP with scar
removal on motor recovery, regeneration-associated and cytokine gene
expression, and axonal regeneration after chronic SCI. Scar removal was
conducted through a single incision with a double-bladed scalpel along
the stump, and scar renewal was halted by adding a,a'-dipyridyl.
Results: During the chronic injury stage, two experiments were
undertaken. The first experiment was aimed at testing the therapeutic
effect of INDP combined with scar removal. Sixty days after therapeutic
intervention, the expression of genes encoding for TNF alpha, IFN gamma,
IL4, TGF beta, BDNF, IGF1, and GAP43 was evaluated at the site of
injury. Tyrosine hydroxylase and 5-hydroxytryptamine positive fibers
were also studied. Locomotor evaluations showed a significant recovery
in the group treated with scar removal + INDP. Moreover; this group
presented a significant increase in IL4, TGF beta, BDNF, IGF1, and GAP43
expression, but a decrease of TNF alpha and IFN gamma. Also, the spinal
cord of animals receiving both treatments presented a significant
increase of serotonergic and catecholaminergic fibers as compared to
other the groups. The second experiment compared the results of the
combined approach versus INDP alone. Rats receiving INDP likewise showed
improved motor recovery, although on a lesser scale than those who
received the combined treatment. An increase in inflammation and
regeneration-associated gene expression, as well as in the percentage of
serotonergic and catecholaminergic fibers was observed in INDP-treated
rats to a lesser degree than those in the combined therapy group.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that INDP, both alone and in
combination with scar removal, could modify the non-permissive
microenvironment prevailing at the chronic phase of SCI, providing the
opportunity of improving motor recovery.
Filiaciones:
Univ Anahuac Mexico, Ctr Invest Ciencias Salud CICSA, Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Estado De Mexic, Mexico
Univ Anahuac Mexico, Fac Ciencias Salud, Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Estado De Mexic, Mexico
Ctr Invest Proyecto CAMINA AC, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
UAMI, Posgrad Biol Expt, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Hosp Pediat CMN Siglo XXI, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
UAMI, Lab Bioenerget & Envejecimiento Celular, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
CMN Siglo XXI, UIMEN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
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