Spotted phenotypes in horses lost attractiveness in the Middle Ages
Por:
Wutke, Saskia, Benecke, Norbert, Sandoval-Castellanos, Edson, Doehle, Hans-Juergen, Friederich, Susanne, Gonzalez, Javier, Hallsson, Jon Hallsteinn, Hofreiter, Michael, Lougas, Lembi, Magnell, Ola, Morales-Muniz, Arturo, Orlando, Ludovic, Palsdottir, Albina Hulda, Reissmann, Monika, Ruttkay, Matej, Trinks, Alexandra, Ludwig, Arne
Publicada:
7 dic 2016
Categoría:
Multidisciplinary
Resumen:
Horses have been valued for their diversity of coat colour since
prehistoric times; this is especially the case since their domestication
in the Caspian steppe in similar to 3,500 BC. Although we can assume
that human preferences were not constant, we have only anecdotal
information about how domestic horses were influenced by humans. Our
results from genotype analyses show a significant increase in spotted
coats in early domestic horses (Copper Age to Iron Age). In contrast,
medieval horses carried significantly fewer alleles for these
phenotypes, whereas solid phenotypes (i.e., chestnut) became dominant.
This shift may have been supported because of (i) pleiotropic
disadvantages, (ii) a reduced need to separate domestic horses from
their wild counterparts, (iii) a lower religious prestige, or (iv) novel
developments in weaponry. These scenarios may have acted alone or in
combination. However, the dominance of chestnut is a remarkable feature
of the medieval horse population.
Filiaciones:
Wutke, Saskia:
Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Dept Evolutionary Genet, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
Benecke, Norbert:
German Archaeol Inst, Dept Nat Sci, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
Sandoval-Castellanos, Edson:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Complejidad, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Doehle, Hans-Juergen:
Landesmuseum Vorgeschichte, Landesamt Denkmalpflege & Archaol Sachsen Anhalt, D-06114 Halle, Saale, Germany
Friederich, Susanne:
Landesmuseum Vorgeschichte, Landesamt Denkmalpflege & Archaol Sachsen Anhalt, D-06114 Halle, Saale, Germany
Gonzalez, Javier:
Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Fac Math & Nat Sci, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
Hallsson, Jon Hallsteinn:
Agr Univ Iceland, Fac Land & Anim Resources, IS-112 Reykjavik, Iceland
Hofreiter, Michael:
Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Fac Math & Nat Sci, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
Lougas, Lembi:
Tallinn Univ, Archaeol Res Collect, Ruutli 10, EE-10130 Tallinn, Estonia
Magnell, Ola:
Natl Hist Museums, Contract Archaeol, S-22660 Lund, Sweden
Morales-Muniz, Arturo:
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Lab Archaeozool, Madrid, Spain
Orlando, Ludovic:
Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
Palsdottir, Albina Hulda:
Agr Univ Iceland, Fac Land & Anim Resources, IS-112 Reykjavik, Iceland
Reissmann, Monika:
Humboldt Univ, Fac Life Sci, Albrecht Daniel Thaer Inst, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
Ruttkay, Matej:
Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Archaeol, Nitra 94921, Slovakia
Trinks, Alexandra:
Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Fac Math & Nat Sci, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
Ludwig, Arne:
Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Dept Evolutionary Genet, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
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