Identification of Fungal Species Associated with Cladode Spot of Prickly Pear and Their Sensitivity to Chitosan
Por:
Flores-Flores R., Velázquez-del Valle M.G., León-Rodriguez R., Flores-Moctezuma H.E., Hernández-Lauzardo A.N.
Publicada:
1 ago 2013
Resumen:
Mexico is the most important producer of prickly pear (Opuntia
ficus-indica) in the world. There are several fungal diseases that can
have a negative impact on their yields. In this study, there was a
widespread fungal richness on cladodes spot of prickly pears from
Mexico. A total of 41 fungi isolates were obtained from cladodes spot;
11 of them were morphologically different. According to the
pathogenicity test, seven isolates caused lesions on cladodes. The
morphological and molecular identification evidenced the isolation of
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium lunatum,
Curvularia lunata. All these species caused similar symptoms of circular
cladodes spot. However, it is noticeable that some lesions showed
perforation and detachment of affected tissues by Fusarium lunatum. To
our knowledge, this is the first report of the Fusarium lunatum as
phytopathogenic fungus of cladodes of prickly pear. The chitosan
inhibited the mycelium growth in the seven isolates of phytopathogenic
fungi. Chitosan applications diminished the disease incidence caused by
C.gloeosporioies and F.lunatum in 40 and 100%, respectively. Likewise,
the lesion severity index in cladodes decreased. There are no previous
reports about the application of chitosan on cladodes of prickly pears
for the control of phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, this research could
contribute to improve the strategies for the management of diseases in
prickly pear.
Filiaciones:
Flores-Flores R.:
CEPROBI, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos, C.P 62731, Apartado Postal 24., Mexico
Velázquez-del Valle M.G.:
CEPROBI, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos, C.P 62731, Apartado Postal 24., Mexico
León-Rodriguez R.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Biomed, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Flores-Moctezuma H.E.:
CEPROBI, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos, C.P 62731, Apartado Postal 24., Mexico
Hernández-Lauzardo A.N.:
CEPROBI, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos, C.P 62731, Apartado Postal 24., Mexico
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