CONTRAIL MICROPHYSICS
Por:
Heymsfield A., Baumgardner D., DeMott P., Forster P., Gierens K., Karcher, B
Publicada:
1 abr 2010
Categoría:
Atmospheric Science
Resumen:
This article reviews the current state of understanding of the science of contrails: 1) how they are formed, 2) their microphysical properties as they evolve into contrail cirrus and whether their microphysical properties can be distinguished from natural cirrus, and 3) the ice-nucleating properties of soot aerosols and whether these aerosols can nucleate cirrus crystals. Key gaps and underlying uncertainties in our understanding of contrails and their effect on local, regional, and global climate are identified. These include 1) better quantification of the fraction of ice number and mass that survives the vortex phase and the aircraft-specific influences on the vortex dynamics, 2) more accurate measurements of the ice crystal size distributions of contrail cirrus and cirrus in general, which are uncertain because of instrument limitations, and 3) more measurements of the ice-nucleating properties of aircraft exhaust and other ambient ice nuclei in situ under cirrus-forming conditions
Filiaciones:
Heymsfield A.:
National Center for Atmospheric Research, P-O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, United States
Baumgardner D.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
DeMott P.:
Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, United States
Forster P.:
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
Gierens K.:
DLR-Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Wesslhg, Germany
All Open Access; Green
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