Precise Measurements of TeV Halos around Geminga and Monogem Pulsars with HAWC


Por: Albert, A, Alfaro, R, Alvarez, C, Arteaga-Velázquez, JC, Rojas, DA, Solares, HAA, Babu, R, Belmont-Moreno, E, Bernal, A, Caballero-Mora, KS, Capistrán, T, Carramiñana, A, Casanova, S, Cotti, U, Cotzomi, J, de León, SC, de la Fuente, E, Depaoli, D, Di Lalla, N, Hernandez, RD, Dingus, BL, Duvernois, MA, Durocher, M, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Engel, K, Espinoza, C, Fan, KL, Fang, K, Fraija, N, García-González, JA, Garfias, F, Goksu, H, González, MM, Goodman, JA, Groetsch, S, Harding, JP, Hernández-Cadena, S, Herzog, I, Hüntemeyer, P, Huang, D, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F, Iriarte, A, Joshi, V, Kaufmann, S, Kieda, D, Lara, A, Lee, WH, Lee, J, Vargas, HL, Linnemann, JT, Longinotti, AL, Luis-Raya, G, Malone, K, Martinez, O, Martínez-Castro, J, Matthews, JA, Miranda-Romagnoli, P, Montes, JA, Morales-Soto, JA, Moreno, E, Mostafá, M, Nayerhoda, A, Nellen, L, Noriega-Papaqui, R, Olivera-Nieto, L, Omodei, N, Araujo, YP, Pérez-Pérez, EG, Rho, CD, Rosa-González, D, Salazar, H, Salazar-Gallegos, D, Sandoval, A, Schneider, M, Schwefer, G, Serna-Franco, J, Son, Y, Springer, RW, Tibolla, O, Tollefson, K, Torres, I, Torres-Escobedo, R, Turner, R, Urea-Mena, F, Varela, E, Villaseñor, L, Wang, X, Watson, IJ, Willox, E, Wu, H, Yun-Cárcamo, S, Zhou, H, de León, C, Di Mauro, MD

Publicada: 1 oct 2024
Resumen:
We present the most precise measurements to date for the spatial extension and energy spectrum of the gamma-ray region between a pulsar's wind nebula and the interstellar medium, better known as the halo, present around Geminga and PSR B0656+14 (Monogem) using similar to 2398 days of >1 TeV data collected by the HAWC observatory. We interpret the data using a physically motivated model for the diffuse gamma-ray emission generated from positrons and electrons (e(+/-)) injected by the pulsar wind nebula and inverse Compton scattering with interstellar radiation fields. We find the morphologies of the regions inside these halos are characterized by an inhibited diffusion that are approximately three orders of magnitudes smaller than the Galactic average. We also obtain the e(+/-) emission efficiencies of 6.6% and 5.1%, respectively, for Geminga and Monogem. These results have remarkable consequences for the study of the particle diffusion in the region between the pulsar wind nebulae and the interstellar medium, and for the interpretation of the flux of positrons measured by the AMS-02 experiment above 10 GeV.

Filiaciones:
Albert, A:
 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

Alfaro, R:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Alvarez, C:
 Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico

Arteaga-Velázquez, JC:
 Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Mexico

Rojas, DA:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Solares, HAA:
 Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA USA

Babu, R:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Belmont-Moreno, E:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Bernal, A:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Caballero-Mora, KS:
 Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico

Capistrán, T:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Carramiñana, A:
 Inst Nacl Astrofis, Puebla, Mexico

Casanova, S:
 Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Warsaw, Poland

Cotti, U:
 Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Mexico

Cotzomi, J:
 Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico

de León, SC:
 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA

de la Fuente, E:
 Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactas & Ingn, Dept Fis, Guadalajara, Mexico

 Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Valles, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

Depaoli, D:
 Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

Di Lalla, N:
 Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

Hernandez, RD:
 Inst Nacl Astrofis, Puebla, Mexico

Dingus, BL:
 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

Duvernois, MA:
 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA

Durocher, M:
 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

Díaz-Vélez, JC:
 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA

Engel, K:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Espinoza, C:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Fan, KL:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Fang, K:
 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA

Fraija, N:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

García-González, JA:
 Tecnol Monterrey, Escuela Ingn & Ciencias, Zapopan, NL, Mexico

Garfias, F:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Goksu, H:
 Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

González, MM:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Goodman, JA:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Groetsch, S:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Harding, JP:
 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

Hernández-Cadena, S:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Herzog, I:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Hüntemeyer, P:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Huang, D:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F:
 Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico

Iriarte, A:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Joshi, V:
 Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Nurnberg, Germany

Kaufmann, S:
 Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico

Kieda, D:
 Univ Utah, Wellsville, UT USA

Lara, A:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Lee, WH:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Lee, J:
 Hanyang Univ, Seoul 04763, South Korea

Vargas, HL:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Linnemann, JT:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Longinotti, AL:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Luis-Raya, G:
 Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico

Malone, K:
 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

Martinez, O:
 Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico

Martínez-Castro, J:
 Inst Politecn Nacl CIIDIR Sinaloa, Mexico City, Mexico

Matthews, JA:
 Univ New Mexico, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA

Miranda-Romagnoli, P:
 Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico

Montes, JA:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Morales-Soto, JA:
 Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Mexico

Moreno, E:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

 Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico

Mostafá, M:
 Temple Univ, Temple, TX USA

Nayerhoda, A:
 Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Warsaw, Poland

Nellen, L:
 Sungkyunkwan Univ, SungKyunKwan Coll, Suwon, South Korea

Noriega-Papaqui, R:
 Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico

Olivera-Nieto, L:
 Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

Omodei, N:
 Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

Araujo, YP:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Pérez-Pérez, EG:
 Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico

Rho, CD:
 Sungkyunkwan Univ, SungKyunKwan Coll, Suwon, South Korea

Rosa-González, D:
 Inst Nacl Astrofis, Puebla, Mexico

Salazar, H:
 Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico

Salazar-Gallegos, D:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Sandoval, A:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Schneider, M:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Schwefer, G:
 Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

Serna-Franco, J:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico

Son, Y:
 Hanyang Univ, Seoul 04763, South Korea

Springer, RW:
 Univ Utah, Wellsville, UT USA

Tibolla, O:
 Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico

Tollefson, K:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Torres, I:
 Inst Nacl Astrofis, Puebla, Mexico

Torres-Escobedo, R:
 Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China

Turner, R:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Urea-Mena, F:
 Inst Nacl Astrofis, Puebla, Mexico

Varela, E:
 Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico

Villaseñor, L:
 Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico

Wang, X:
 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA

Watson, IJ:
 Hanyang Univ, Seoul 04763, South Korea

Willox, E:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Wu, H:
 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA

Yun-Cárcamo, S:
 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD USA

Zhou, H:
 Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China

de León, C:
 Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Mexico

Di Mauro, MD:
 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy
ISSN: 0004637X
Editorial
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS, 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 974 Número: 2
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001338743600001
imagen gold, All Open Access; Gold Open Access