Prevalencia de gingivitis y su relación con factoresde riesgo en niños
Por:
Vieyra C.L., De Jesús C.I.M., Guevara M.B.G., Pruneda J.F.M., Jaimes R.M.
Publicada:
1 ene 2015
Categoría:
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Resumen:
Introduction: Periodontal disease comprises a group of illnesses with wide distribution among the population, and it is the most prevalent oral disease, after dental caries. Gingivitis is the initial, reversible form of periodontal disease; it is established at an early age and can progress to periodontitis characterized by irreversible loss of tooth supporting tissues. Objective: To assess the frequency and severity of gingivitis, and its relationship with certain determinants: quality of oral hygiene, education level of parents and family income on children at a primary school in southern Mexico City. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, transversal and analytical study with prior informed consent. Under information and infection control measures, presence and severity of gingivitis was assessed by PMA index, quality of oral hygiene by O'Leary index, parental education and family income level by means of a structured survey. Using StataSE10, descriptive analysis, an association between variables of interest was performed. Results: Study population comprised 178 children, 50.6% Male, age range 5-11 years, median 8.11 (RI 6-10). The prevalence of gingivitis was 39.9%, with distribution according to severity: mild gingivitis 34.3%, and moderate 5.6%. There were no cases of severe or very severe gingivitis. Quality of oral hygiene was deficient in 78%. The presence of gingivitis was significantly associated with the quality of oral hygiene. Schoolchildren with poor quality of oral hygiene were 22.34 times more likely to develop gingivitis compared with those with acceptable quality of oral hygiene (p = 0.00). Conclusions: Gingivitis was associated with quality of oral hygiene, but not with parental education or family income. It is necessary to implement actions to improve the quality of oral hygiene, reduce the risk of developing periodontitis and the consequent loss of dental organs. Copyright © Sociedad Iberoamericana de Información Científica (SIIC), 2015.
Filiaciones:
Vieyra C.L.:
Cirujana Dentista, Licenciada en Estomatología, Coordinadora de Clínicas Estomatológicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM-Xochimilco), Calzada del Hueso 1100, México D.F, 04960, Mexico
De Jesús C.I.M.:
Profesora-Investigadora, Departamento de Atención A la Salud, UAM-Xochimilco, Mexico
Guevara M.B.G.:
Cirujana Dentista, Licenciada en Estomatología, Coordinadora de Clínicas Estomatológicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM-Xochimilco), Calzada del Hueso 1100, México D.F, 04960, Mexico
Pruneda J.F.M.:
Profesora-Investigadora, Departamento de Atención A la Salud, UAM-Xochimilco, Mexico
Jaimes R.M.:
Médica Familiar-Investigadora, IMSS Morelos, Mexico
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