Biodiversidad de moluscos terrestres en México
Por:
Naranjo-García E.
Publicada:
1 ene 2014
Resumen:
The land Mollusca are exclusively from the class Gastropoda. They are diverse in shapes, sizes (1 to 200-300 mm), habits, environments (by climate and vegetation), life cycles and life spans. Prosobranchia has the least number of species, Pulmonata is the richest. They are either preys or predators. Towards the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century comprehensive works compiled the known diversity. We recognize 8 families in Prosobranchia, and 39 in Pulmonata, with 5 families: Cerionidae, Eucalodiidae, Holospiridae, Epirobiidae, Echinichidae, recently added. Endemism among the lesser families attains 62%; the 1 184 known Mexican terrestrial species represent 3.4% of the global molluscan diversity; 2 200 additional species are estimated yet to be found. The population patterns of the families Holospiridae and Epirobiidae are well established since they are defined by the presence of calcite and/or dolomite in the soil. Land American mollusks are solitary; however, some develop abundant populations (Xerarionta, Praticolella, Humboldtiana). Lysinoe ghiesbreghti is utilized locally for food consumption. Nine families are the most diverse: Spiraxidae, Orthalicidae, Holospiridae, Helicinidae, Eucalodiidae, Helminthoglyptidae, Vertiginidae, Polygyridae and Humboldtianidae. Richness per state is unequal; Veracruz is the best known, whereas Aguascalientes and Tlaxcala possess no records. Between the years 1891-1895 and 1926-1930, a great number of species were described. Studies on life cycles, behavior and ecology are still needed in the group.
Filiaciones:
Naranjo-García E.:
Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico
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