Targeting Mitochondrial Therapy in the Regulation of HPV Infection and HPV-Related Cancers
Por:
Cruz-Gregorio, Alfredo, Aranda-Rivera, Ana Karina, Roviello, Giovanni N. N., Pedraza-Chaverri, Jose
Publicada:
1 mar 2023
Resumen:
It has been previously proposed that some types of cancer cells
reprogram their metabolic pathways, favoring the metabolism of glucose
by aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) instead of oxidative
phosphorylation, mainly because the mitochondria of these cells are
damaged, thus displaying mitochondrial dysfunction. However, in several
cancers, the mitochondria do not exhibit any dysfunction and are also
necessary for the tumor's growth and maintenance. Remarkably, if the
mitochondria are dysfunctional, specific processes associated with the
release of cytochrome c (cyt c), such as apoptosis, are significantly
impaired. In these cases, cellular biotherapies such as mitochondrial
transplantation could restore the intrinsic apoptotic processes
necessary for the elimination of cancers. On the other hand, if the
mitochondria are in good shape, drugs that target the mitochondria are a
valid option for treating the related cancers. Famously, the
mitochondria are targeted by the human papillomavirus (HPV), and
HPV-related cancers depend on the host's mitochondria for their
development and progression. On the other hand, the mitochondria are
also important during treatment, such as chemotherapy, since they are
key organelles for the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which
significantly increases cell death due to the presence of oxidative
stress (OS). In this way, the mitochondria in HPV infection and in the
development of HPV-related cancer could be targeted to reduce or
eliminate HPV infections or HPV-related cancers. To our knowledge, there
was no previous review specifically focusing on this topic, so this work
aimed to summarize for the first time the potential use of
mitochondria-targeting drugs, providing molecular insights on the main
therapeutics developed so far in HPV infection and HPV-related cancer.
Thus, we reviewed the mechanisms associated with HPV-related cancers,
with their early proteins and mitochondrial apoptosis specifically
induced by different compounds or drugs, in which these molecules induce
the production of ROS, the activation of proapoptotic proteins, the
deactivation of antiapoptotic proteins, the loss of mitochondrial
membrane potential (Delta psi m), cyt c release, and the activation of
caspases, which are all events which lead to the activation of
mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. This makes these compounds and drugs
potential anticancer therapeutics that target the mitochondria and could
be exploited in future biomedical strategies.
Filiaciones:
Cruz-Gregorio, Alfredo:
Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Section XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
Aranda-Rivera, Ana Karina:
Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
Roviello, Giovanni N. N.:
Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Council for Research (IBB-CNR), Area di Ricerca site and Headquarters, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
Pedraza-Chaverri, Jose:
Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
Green Published, gold, Gold, Green
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