Predominance of antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccine breakthrough cases from the San Francisco Bay Area, California


Por: Servellita V., Morris M.K., Sotomayor-Gonzalez A., Gliwa A.S., Torres E., Brazer N., Zhou A., Hernandez K.T., Sankaran M., Wang B., Wong D., Wang C., Zhang Y., Reyes K.R., Glasner D., Deng X., Streithorst J., Miller S., Frias E., Rodgers M., Cloherty G., Hackett J., Jr., Hanson C., Wadford D., Philip S., Topper S., Sachdev D., Chiu C.Y.

Publicada: 1 ene 2022
Resumen:
Associations between vaccine breakthrough cases and infection by different SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have remained largely unexplored. Here we analysed SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences and viral loads from 1,373 persons with COVID-19 from the San Francisco Bay Area from 1 February to 30 June 2021, of which 125 (9.1%) were vaccine breakthrough infections. Vaccine breakthrough infections were more commonly associated with circulating antibody-resistant variants carrying =1 mutation associated with decreased antibody neutralization (L452R/Q, E484K/Q and/or F490S) than infections in unvaccinated individuals (78% versus 48%, P = 1.96 × 10-8). Differences in viral loads were non-significant between unvaccinated and fully vaccinated cases overall (P = 0.99) and according to lineage (P = 0.09–0.78). Symptomatic vaccine breakthrough infections had comparable viral loads (P = 0.64), whereas asymptomatic breakthrough infections had decreased viral loads (P = 0.023) compared with infections in unvaccinated individuals. In 5 cases with serial samples available for serologic analyses, vaccine breakthrough infections were found to be associated with low or undetectable neutralizing antibody levels attributable to an immunocompromised state or infection by an antibody-resistant lineage. Taken together, our results show that vaccine breakthrough infections are overrepresented by antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants, and that symptomatic breakthrough infections may be as efficient in spreading COVID-19 as unvaccinated infections, regardless of the infecting lineage. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

Filiaciones:
Servellita V.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Morris M.K.:
 Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States

Sotomayor-Gonzalez A.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Gliwa A.S.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Torres E.:
 Color Genomics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, United States

Brazer N.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Zhou A.:
 Color Genomics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, United States

Hernandez K.T.:
 San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States

Sankaran M.:
 San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States

Wang B.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Wong D.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Wang C.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Zhang Y.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Reyes K.R.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Glasner D.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Deng X.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Streithorst J.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Miller S.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

Frias E.:
 Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, United States

Rodgers M.:
 Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, United States

Cloherty G.:
 Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, United States

Hackett J.:
 Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, United States

Jr.:
 Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, United States

Hanson C.:
 Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States

Wadford D.:
 Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States

Philip S.:
 San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States

Topper S.:
 Color Genomics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, United States

Sachdev D.:
 San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States

Chiu C.Y.:
 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, United States

 Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
ISSN: 20585276
Editorial
Nature Publishing Group, MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 7 Número: 2
Páginas: 277-288
WOS Id: 000741571200004
ID de PubMed: 35013591
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