Genome evolution and phylogenetic relationships in Opuntia tehuacana (Cactaceae, Opuntioideae)
Por:
Granados-Aguilar X., Palomino G., Martínez-Ramón J., Arias S.
Publicada:
1 ene 2022
Categoría:
Plant science
Resumen:
This study is focused on the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley (Oaxaca, Mexico), which has a high diversity of Opuntia species whose phylogenetic relationships and chromosome numbers are mostly unknown. We aimed to investigate the phylogenetic position of Opuntia tehuacana and its sympatric species and to analyze the ploidy levels in five O. tehuacana localities. We performed phylogenetic analysis under Bayesian inference using three chloroplast markers (matK, ycf1 and psbJ-petA) and two nuclear introns (AT3G48380 and AT1G18270) as well as chromosome counts for three Opuntia species and flow cytometry analysis in O. tehuacana. In a broad phylogenetic context, O. tehuacana is a member of the Basilares clade, as are most of its sympatric species, except for Opuntia decumbens, Opuntia lasiacantha, and Opuntia huajuapensis, which are in the Nopalea clade. The comparison between nuclear and plastid trees showed incongruences for the positions of the eight analyzed Opuntia species, although the O. tehuacana clade was recovered by both analyses. Furthermore, the phylogeny of nuclear evidence showed a geographic structure congruent with the sampled localities for O. tehuacana. The ploidy levels of O. tehuacana are 11x and 12x, the highest reported thus far for the genus, whereas for Opuntia pilifera it is 8x and for O. huajuapensis it is 2x. Finally, we found that the significant differences among O. tehuacana genome sizes and the high ploidy level might be due to multiple polyploidization events occurring between individuals from the same species and involving other Opuntia species. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Botanical Society of Sao Paulo.
Filiaciones:
Granados-Aguilar X.:
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Palomino G.:
Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Martínez-Ramón J.:
Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Arias S.:
Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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