Neuroinflammation and galectins: a key relationship in neurodegenerative diseases
Por:
Ramirez Hernandez, Eleazar, Alanis Olvera, Beatriz, Carmona Gonzalez, Daniela, Guerrero Marin, Oscar, Pantoja Mercado, Denisse, Valencia Gil, Lucero, Hernandez-Zimbron, Luis F., Sanchez Salgado, Jose Luis, Limon, I. Daniel, Zenteno, Edgar
Publicada:
1 oct 2022
Resumen:
Neurodegeneration is a pathological condition that is associated with
the loss of neuronal function and structure. In neurodegenerative
diseases, mounting evidence indicates that neuroinflammation is a common
factor that contributes to neuronal damage and neurodegeneration.
Neuroinflammation is characterized by the activation of microglia, the
neuroimmune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), which have been
implicated as active contributors to neuronal damage. Glycan structure
modification is defining the outcome of neuroinflammation and neuronal
regeneration; moreover, the expression of galectins, a group of lectins
that specifically recognize beta-galactosides, has been proposed as a
key factor in neuronal regeneration and modulation of the inflammatory
response. Of the different galectins identified, galectin-1 stimulates
the secretion of neurotrophic factors in astrocytes and promotes
neuronal regeneration, whereas galectin-3 induces the proliferation of
microglial cells and modulates cell apoptosis. Galectin-8 emerged as a
neuroprotective factor, which, in addition to its immunosuppressive
function, could generate a neuroprotective environment in the brain.
This review describes the role of galectins in the activation and
modulation of astrocytes and microglia and their anti- and
proinflammatory functions within the context of neuroinflammation.
Furthermore, it discusses the potential use of galectins as a
therapeutic target for the inflammatory response and remodeling in
damaged tissues in the central nervous system.
Filiaciones:
Ramirez Hernandez, Eleazar:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Alanis Olvera, Beatriz:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Carmona Gonzalez, Daniela:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Guerrero Marin, Oscar:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Pantoja Mercado, Denisse:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Valencia Gil, Lucero:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Hernandez-Zimbron, Luis F.:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Sanchez Salgado, Jose Luis:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Limon, I. Daniel:
Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Zenteno, Edgar:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Naçional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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