Vertical Boundary Mixing Events during Stratification Govern Heat and Nutrient Dynamics in a Windy Tropical Reservoir Lake with Important Water-Level Fluctuations: A Long-Term (2001-2021) Study
Por:
Merino-Ibarra, Martin, Ramirez-Zierold, Jorge A., Valdespino-Castillo, Patricia M., Castillo-Sandoval, Fermin S., Guzman-Arias, Andrea P., Barjau-Aguilar, Mariel, Monroy-Rios, Emiliano, Lopez-Gomez, Luz M., Sacristan-Ramirez, Arantxa, Quintanilla-Terminel, Jose G., Zayas R.G.-D., Jimenez-Contreras, Jorge, Valeriano-Riveros, Maria E., Vilaclara-Fatjo, Gloria, Sanchez-Carrillo, Salvador
Publicada:
1 nov 2021
Resumen:
Physical processes play important roles in controlling eutrophication
and oligotrophication. In stratified lakes, internal waves can cause
vertical transport of heat and nutrients without breaking the
stratification, through boundary mixing events. Such is the case in
tropical Valle de Bravo (VB) reservoir lake, where strong diurnal winds
drive internal waves, boundary mixing, and hypolimnetic warming during
stratification periods. We monitored VB during 21 years (2001-2021) when
important water-level fluctuations occurred, affecting mixing and
nutrient flux. Stability also varied as a function of water level.
Hypolimnetic warming (0.009-0.028 & DEG;C day(-1)) occurred in all the
stratifications monitored. We analyzed temperature distributions and
modeled the hypolimnion heat budget to assess vertical mixing between
layers (0.639-3.515 x 10(-6) m(3) day(-1)), vertical diffusivity
coefficient K-Z (2.5 x 10(-6)-13.6 x 10(-6) m(2) s(-1)), and vertical
nutrient transport to the epilimnion. Nutrient flux from the metalimnion
to the epilimnion ranged 0.42-5.99 mg P m(-2)day(-1) for soluble
reactive phosphorus (SRP) and 5.8-101.7 mg N m(-2)day(-1) for dissolved
inorganic nitrogen (DIN). Vertical mixing and the associated nutrient
fluxes increase evidently as the water level decreases 8 m below
capacity, and they can increase up to fivefold if the water level drops
over 12 m. The observed changes related to water level affect nutrient
recycling, ecosystemic metabolic balance, and planktonic composition of
VB.
Filiaciones:
Merino-Ibarra, Martin:
Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Marina, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Unidad Acad Ecol & Biodiversidad Marina, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Ramirez-Zierold, Jorge A.:
Patronato ProValle de Bravo A.C., México City, 51200, Mexico
Patronato ProValle Bravo AC, Mexico City 51200, DF, Mexico
Valdespino-Castillo, Patricia M.:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MBIB Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MBIB Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
Castillo-Sandoval, Fermin S.:
Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Marina, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Unidad Acad Ecol & Biodiversidad Marina, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Guzman-Arias, Andrea P.:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Barjau-Aguilar, Mariel:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Monroy-Rios, Emiliano:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Lopez-Gomez, Luz M.:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Sacristan-Ramirez, Arantxa:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Department of Oceanography, College of Geosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, Coll Geosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA
Quintanilla-Terminel, Jose G.:
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Zayas R.G.-D.:
Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica, Facultad de Ciencias Técnicas, Universidad de Ciego de Ávila, Carretera a Morón Km 9, Ciego de Ávila, 65100, Cuba
Jimenez-Contreras, Jorge:
Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Estudios Super Iztacala, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Valeriano-Riveros, Maria E.:
Patronato ProValle de Bravo A.C., México City, 51200, Mexico
Vilaclara-Fatjo, Gloria:
Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 4510, Mexico
Patronato ProValle Bravo AC, Mexico City 51200, DF, Mexico
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Estudios Super Iztacala, Mexico City 4510, DF, Mexico
Sanchez-Carrillo, Salvador:
Departamento de Biogeoquímica y Ecología Microbiana, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (MNCN-CSIC), Serrano 115 bis, Madrid, E-28006, Spain
CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, MNCN, Dept Biogeoquim & Ecol Microbiana, Serrano 115 Bis, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
Univ Ciego De Avila, Fac Ciencias Tecn, Dept Ingn Hidraul, Carretera Moron Km 9, Ciego De Avila 65100, Cuba
gold, Gold
|