A simple criterion to design optimal non-pharmaceutical interventions for mitigating epidemic outbreaks


Por: Tulio Angulo, Marco, Castanos, Fernando, Moreno-Morton, Rodrigo, Velasco-Hernandez, Jorge X., Moreno, Jaime A.

Publicada: 12 may 2021
Resumen:
For mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic, much emphasis is made on implementing non-pharmaceutical interventions to keep the reproduction number below one. However, using that objective ignores that some of these interventions, like bans of public events or lockdowns, must be transitory and as short as possible because of their significant economic and societal costs. Here, we derive a simple and mathematically rigorous criterion for designing optimal transitory non-pharmaceutical interventions for mitigating epidemic outbreaks. We find that reducing the reproduction number below one is sufficient but not necessary. Instead, our criterion prescribes the required reduction in the reproduction number according to the desired maximum of disease prevalence and the maximum decrease of disease transmission that the interventions can achieve. We study the implications of our theoretical results for designing non-pharmaceutical interventions in 16 cities and regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, we estimate the minimal reduction of each region's contact rate necessary to control the epidemic optimally. Our results contribute to establishing a rigorous methodology to design optimal non-pharmaceutical intervention policies for mitigating epidemic outbreaks.

Filiaciones:
Tulio Angulo, Marco:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CONACyT Inst Math, Juriquilla 76230, Mexico

Castanos, Fernando:
 Cinvestav IPN, Dept Automat Control, Ciudad De Mexico 07360, Mexico

Moreno-Morton, Rodrigo:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Sci, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico

Velasco-Hernandez, Jorge X.:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Math, Juriquilla 76230, Mexico

Moreno, Jaime A.:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Engn, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
ISSN: 17425689
Editorial
ROYAL SOC, 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 18 Número: 178
Páginas: 20200803
WOS Id: 000651503000001
ID de PubMed: 33975462
imagen Green Published, Hybrid Gold, Green