Molecular Epidemiology Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2: Mutations and Genetic Diversity One Year after Emerging
Por:
Flores-Alanis, Alejandro, Cruz-Rangel, Armando, Rodriguez-Gomez, Flor, Gonzalez, James, Alberto Torres-Guerrero, Carlos, DELGADO, GABRIELA, Cravioto, Alejandro, Morales-Espinosa, Rosario
Publicada:
1 feb 2021
Resumen:
In December 2019, the first cases of the novel severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were identified in the city of
Wuhan, China. Since then, it has spread worldwide with new mutations
being reported. The aim of the present study was to monitor the changes
in genetic diversity and track non-synonymous substitutions (dN) that
could be implicated in the fitness of SARS-CoV-2 and its spread in
different regions between December 2019 and November 2020. We analyzed
2213 complete genomes from six geographical regions worldwide, which
were downloaded from GenBank and GISAID databases. Although SARS-CoV-2
presented low genetic diversity, there has been an increase over time,
with the presence of several hotspot mutations throughout its genome. We
identified seven frequent mutations that resulted in dN substitutions.
Two of them, C14408T>P323L and A23403G>D614G, located in the nsp12 and
Spike protein, respectively, emerged early in the pandemic and showed a
considerable increase in frequency over time. Two other mutations,
A1163T>I120F in nsp2 and G22992A>S477N in the Spike protein, emerged
recently and have spread in Oceania and Europe. There were associations
of P323L, D614G, R203K and G204R substitutions with disease severity.
Continuous molecular surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 will be necessary to
detect and describe the transmission dynamics of new variants of the
virus with clinical relevance. This information is important to improve
programs to control the virus.
Filiaciones:
Flores-Alanis, Alejandro:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Mexico City 04360, DF, Mexico
Cruz-Rangel, Armando:
Inst Nacl Med Genom, Lab Bioquim Enfermedades Cron, Mexico City 14610, DF, Mexico
Rodriguez-Gomez, Flor:
Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactas & Ingn, Dept Ciencias Computac, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
Gonzalez, James:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Celular, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
Alberto Torres-Guerrero, Carlos:
Colegio Postgrad, Posgrad Edafol, Mexico City 56230, DF, Mexico
DELGADO, GABRIELA:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Mexico City 04360, DF, Mexico
Cravioto, Alejandro:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Mexico City 04360, DF, Mexico
Morales-Espinosa, Rosario:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Mexico City 04360, DF, Mexico
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