Assessment of neutralization of Micrurus venoms with a blend of anti-Micrurus tener and anti-ScNtx antibodies
Por:
Archundia, Irving G., de la Rosa, Guillermo, Olvera, Felipe, Calderon, Arlene, Benard-Valle, Melisa, Alagon, Alejandro, Corzo, Gerardo
Publicada:
5 feb 2021
Resumen:
Background: Micrurus venoms contain two main groups of toxic protein
components: short-chain alpha-neurotoxins (SNtx) and phospholipases type
A(2) (PLA(2)). In North America, generally, the Micrurus venoms have low
abundance of SNtx compared to that of PLA(2)s; however, both are highly
toxic to mammals, and consequently both can play a major role in the
envenomation processes. Concerning the commercial horse-derived
antivenoms against Micrurus from the North America region, they contain
a relatively large amount of antibodies against PLA(2)s, and a low
content of antibodies against short chain alpha-neurotoxins. This is
mainly due to the lower relative abundance of SNtxs, and also to its
poor immunogenicity due to their size and nature. Hence, Micrurus
antivenoms made in North America usually present low neutralizing
capacity towards Micrurus venoms whose lethality depend largely on short
chain alpha-neurotoxins, such as South American Micrurus species.
Methods: Horses were hyperimmunized with either the venom of M. tener
(PLA(2)-predominant) or a recombinant short-chain consensus
alpha-neurotoxin (ScNtx). Then, the combination of the two monospecific
horse antibodies (anti-M. tener and anti-ScNtx) was used to test their
efficacy against eleven Micrurus venoms.
Results: The blend of anti-M. tener and anti-ScNtx antibodies had a
better capacity to neutralize the lethality of diverse species from
North, Central and South American Micrurus venoms. The antibodies
combination neutralized both the ScNtx and ten out of eleven Micrurus
venom tested, and particularly, it neutralized the venoms of M. distans
and M. laticollaris that were neither neutralized by monospecific
anti-M. tener nor anti-ScNtx.
Conclusions: These results provide a proof-of-principle for using
recombinant immunogens to enrich poor or even non-neutralizing antisera
against elapid venoms containing short chain alpha-neurotoxins to
develop antivenoms with higher effectiveness and broader neutralizing
capacity. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Filiaciones:
Archundia, Irving G.:
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología - UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
de la Rosa, Guillermo:
The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada
Olvera, Felipe:
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología - UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
Calderon, Arlene:
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología - UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
Benard-Valle, Melisa:
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología - UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
Alagon, Alejandro:
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología - UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
Corzo, Gerardo:
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología - UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
UNAM, Dept Med Mol & Bioproc, Inst Biotecnol, Av Univ 2001, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
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