Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol


Por: Taddei C., Zhou B., Bixby H., Carrillo-Larco R.M., Danaei G., Jackson R.T., Farzadfar F., Sophiea M.K., Di Cesare M., Iurilli M.L.C., Martinez A.R., Asghari G., Dhana K., Gulayin P., Kakarmath S., Santero M., Voortman T., Riley L.M., Cowan M.J., Savin S., Bennett J.E., Stevens G.A., Paciorek C.J., Aekplakorn W., Cifkova R., Giampaoli S., Kengne A.P., Khang Y.-H., Kuulasmaa K., Laxmaiah A., Margozzini P., Mathur P., Nordestgaard B.G., Zhao D., Aadahl M., Abarca-Gómez L., Rahim H.A., Abu-Rmeileh N.M., Acosta-Cazares B., Adams R.J., Agdeppa I.A., Aghazadeh-Attari J., Aguilar-Salinas C.A., Agyemang C., Ahluwalia T.S., Ahmad N.A., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi N., Ahmed S.H., Ahrens W., Ajlouni K., Alarouj M., AlBuhairan F., AlDhukair S., Ali M.M., Alkandari A., Alkerwi A., Aly E., Amarapurkar D.N., Amouyel P., Andersen L.B., Anderssen S.A., Anjana R.M., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Aounallah-Skhiri H., Araújo J., Ariansen I., Aris T., Arku R.E., Arlappa N., Aryal K.K., Aspelund T., Assunção M.C.F., Auvinen J., Avdicová M., Azevedo A., Azizi F., Azmin M., Balakrishna N., Bamoshmoosh M., Banach M., Bandosz P., Banegas J.R., Barbagallo C.M., Barceló A., Barkat A., Bata I., Batieha A.M., Batyrbek A., Baur L.A., Beaglehole R., Belavendra A., Ben Romdhane H., Benet M., Benn M., Berkinbayev S., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernotiene G., Bettiol H., Bhargava S.K., Bi Y., Bienek A., Bikbov M., Bista B., Bjerregaard P., Bjertness E., Bjertness M.B., Björkelund C., Bloch K.V., Blokstra A., Bo S., Boehm B.O., Boggia J.G., Boissonnet C.P., Bonaccio M., Bongard V., Borchini R., Borghs H., Bovet P., Brajkovich I., Breckenkamp J., Brenner H., Brewster L.M., Bruno G., Bugge A., Busch M.A., de León A.C., Cacciottolo J., Can G., Cândido A.P.C., Capanzana M.V., Capuano E., Capuano V., Cardoso V.C., Carvalho J., Casanueva F.F., Censi L., Chadjigeorgiou C.A., Chamukuttan S., Chaturvedi N., Chen C.-J., Chen F., Chen S., Cheng C.-Y., Cheraghian B., Chetrit A., Chiou S.-T., Chirlaque M.-D., Cho B., Cho Y., Chudek J., Claessens F., Clarke J., Clays E., Concin H., Confortin S.C., Cooper C., Costanzo S., Cottel D., Cowell C., Crujeiras A.B., Csilla S., Cui L., Cureau F.V., D’Arrigo G., d’Orsi E., Dallongeville J., Damasceno A., Dankner R., Dantoft T.M., Dauchet L., Davletov K., De Backer G., De Bacquer D., de Gaetano G., De Henauw S., de Oliveira P.D., De Ridder D., De Smedt D., Deepa M., Deev A.D., Dehghan A., Delisle H., Dennison E., Deschamps V., Dhimal M., Di Castelnuovo A.F., Dika Z., Djalalinia S., Dobson A.J., Donfrancesco C., Donoso S.P., Döring A., Dorobantu M., Dragano N., Drygas W., Du Y., Duante C.A., Duda R.B., Dzerve V., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E., Eddie R., Eftekhar E., Eggertsen R., Eghtesad S., Eiben G., Ekelund U., El Ati J., Eldemire-Shearer D., Eliasen M., Elosua R., Erasmus R.T., Erbel R., Erem C., Eriksen L., Eriksson J.G., Escobedo-de la Peña J., Eslami S., Esmaeili A., Evans A., Faeh D., Fall C.H., Faramarzi E., Farjam M., Fattahi M.R., Felix-Redondo F.J., Ferguson T.S., Fernández-Bergés D., Ferrante D., Ferrari M., Ferreccio C., Ferrieres J., Föger B., Foo L.H., Forslund A.-S., Forsner M., Fouad H.M., Francis D.K., do Carmo Franco M., Franco O.H., Frontera G., Fujita Y., Fumihiko M., Furusawa T., Gaciong Z., Galvano F., Gao J., Garcia-de-la-Hera M., Garnett S.P., Gaspoz J.-M., Gasull M., Gazzinelli A., Geleijnse J.M., Ghanbari A., Ghasemi E., Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F., Ghimire A., Gianfagna F., Gill T.K., Giovannelli J., Gironella G., Giwercman A., Goltzman D., Gonçalves H., Gonzalez-Chica D.A., Gonzalez-Gross M., González-Rivas J.P., González-Villalpando C., González-Villalpando M.-E., Gonzalez A.R., Gottrand F., Graff-Iversen S., Grafnetter D., Gregor R.D., Grodzicki T., Grøntved A., Grosso G., Gruden G., Gu D., Guallar-Castillón P., Guan O.P., Gudmundsson E.F., Gudnason V., Guerrero R., Guessous I., Gunnlaugsdottir J., Gupta R., Gutierrez L., Gutzwiller F., Ha S., Hadaegh F., Haghshenas R., Hakimi H., Hambleton I.R., Hamzeh B., Hantunen S., Kumar R.H., Hashemi-Shahri S.M., Hata J., Haugsgjerd T., Hayes A.J., He J., He Y., Hendriks M.E., Henriques A., Herrala S., Heshmat R., Hill A.G., Ho S.Y., Ho S.C., Hobbs M., Hofman A., Homayounfar R., Hopman W.M., Horimoto A.R.V.R., Hormiga C.M., Horta B.L., Houti L., Howitt C., Htay T.T., Htet A.S., Htike M.M.T., Huerta J.M., Huhtaniemi I.T., Huisman M., Hunsberger M.L., Husseini A.S., Huybrechts I., Hwalla N., Iacoviello L., Iannone A.G., Ibrahim M.M., Wong N.I., Iglesia I., Ikeda N., Ikram M.A., Iotova V., Irazola V.E., Ishida T., Islam M., al-Safi Ismail A., Iwasaki M., Jacobs J.M., Jaddou H.Y., Jafar T., James K., Jamrozik K., Janszky I., Janus E., Jarvelin M.-R., Jasienska G., Jelakovic A., Jelakovic B., Jennings G., Jensen G.B., Jeong S.-L., Jha A.K., Jiang C.Q., Jimenez R.O., Jöckel K.-H., Joffres M., Jokelainen J.J., Jonas J.B., Jørgensen T., Joshi P., Joukar F., Józwiak J., Juolevi A., Kafatos A., Kajantie E.O., Kalter-Leibovici O., Kamaruddin N.A., Kamstrup P.R., Karki K.B., Katz J., Kauhanen J., Kaur P., Kavousi M., Kazakbaeva G., Keil U., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S., Kelishadi R., Keramati M., Kerimkulova A., Kersting M., Khader Y.S., Khalili D., Khateeb M., Kheradmand M., Khosravi A., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U., Kiechl S., Killewo J., Kim H.C., Kim J., Kim Y.-Y., Klumbiene J., Knoflach M., Ko S., Kohler H.-P., Kohler I.V., Kolle E., Kolsteren P., König J., Korpelainen R., Korrovits P., Kos J., Koskinen S., Kouda K., Kowlessur S., Kratzer W., Kriemler S., Kristensen P.L., Krokstad S., Kromhout D., Kujala U.M., Kurjata P., Kyobutungi C., Laamiri F.Z., Laatikainen T., Lachat C., Laid Y., Lam T.H., Lambrinou C.-P., Lanska V., Lappas G., Larijani B., Latt T.S., Laugsand L.E., Lazo-Porras M., Lee J., Lehmann N., Lehtimäki T., Levitt N.S., Li Y., Lilly C.L., Lim W.-Y., Lima-Costa M.F., Lin H.-H., Lin X., Lin Y.-T., Lind L., Linneberg A., Lissner L., Liu J., Loit H.-M., Lopez-Garcia E., Lopez T., Lotufo P.A., Lozano J.E., Luksiene D., Lundqvist A., Lundqvist R., Lunet N., Ma G., Machado-Coelho G.L.L., Machado-Rodrigues A.M., Machi S., Madar A.A., Maggi S., Magliano D.J., Magriplis E., Mahasampath G., Maire B., Makdisse M., Malekzadeh F., Malekzadeh R., Rao K.M., Manios Y., Mann J.I., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Manzato E., Marques-Vidal P., Martorell R., Mascarenhas L.P., Mathiesen E.B., Matsha T.E., Mavrogianni C., McFarlane S.R., McGarvey S.T., McLachlan S., McLean R.M., McLean S.B., McNulty B.A., Mediene-Benchekor S., Mehdipour P., Mehlig K., Mehrparvar A.H., Meirhaeghe A., Meisinger C., Menezes A.M.B., Menon G.R., Merat S., Mereke A., Meshram I.I., Metcalf P., Meyer H.E., Mi J., Michels N., Miller J.C., Minderico C.S., Mini G.K., Miquel J.F., Miranda J.J., Mirjalili M.R., Mirrakhimov E., Modesti P.A., Moghaddam S.S., Mohajer B., Mohamed M.K., Mohammad K., Mohammadi Z., Mohammadifard N., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohan V., Mohanna S., Yusoff M.F.M., Mohebbi I., Mohebi F., Moitry M., Møllehave L.T., Møller N.C., Molnár D., Momenan A., Mondo C.K., Monterrubio-Flores E., Moosazadeh M., Morejon A., Moreno L.A., Morgan K., Morin S.N., Moschonis G., Mossakowska M., Mostafa A., Mota J., Motlagh M.E., Motta J., Msyamboza K.P., Muiesan M.L., Müller-Nurasyid M., Mursu J., Mustafa N., Nabipour I., Naderimagham S., Nagel G., Naidu B.M., Najafi F., Nakamura H., Námešná J., Nang E.E.K., Nangia V.B., Nauck M., Neal W.A., Nejatizadeh A., Nenko I., Nervi F., Nguyen N.D., Nguyen Q.N., Nieto-Martínez R.E., Nihal T., Niiranen T.J., Ning G., Ninomiya T., Noale M., Noboa O.A., Noto D., Nsour M.A., Nuhoglu I., O’Neill T.W., O’Reilly D., Ochoa-Avilés A.M., Oh K., Ohtsuka R., Olafsson Ö., Olié V., Oliveira I.O., Omar M.A., Onat A., Ong S.K., Ordunez P., Ornelas R., Ortiz P.J., Osmond C., Ostojic S.M., Ostovar A., Otero J.A., Owusu-Dabo E., Paccaud F.M., Pahomova E., Pajak A., Palmieri L., Pan W.-H., Panda-Jonas S., Panza F., Parnell W.R., Patel N.D., Peer N., Peixoto S.V., Peltonen M., Pereira A.C., Peters A., Petersmann A., Petkeviciene J., Peykari N., Pham S.T., Pichardo R.N., Pigeot I., Pilav A., Pilotto L., Piwonska A., Pizarro A.N., Plans-Rubió P., Plata S., Pohlabeln H., Porta M., Portegies M.L.P., Poudyal A., Pourfarzi F., Poustchi H., Pradeepa R., Price J.F., Providencia R., Puder J.J., Puhakka S.E., Punab M., Qorbani M., Bao T.Q., Radisauskas R., Rahimikazerooni S., Raitakari O., Rao S.R., Ramachandran A., Ramos E., Ramos R., Rampal L., Rampal S., Redon J., Reganit P.F.M., Revilla L., Rezaianzadeh A., Ribeiro R., Richter A., Rigo F., Rinke de Wit T.F., Rodríguez-Artalejo F., del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M., Rodríguez-Villamizar L.A., Roggenbuck U., Rojas-Martinez R., Romaguera D., Romeo E.L., Rosengren A., Roy J.G.R., Rubinstein A., Ruidavets J.-B., Ruiz-Betancourt B.S., Russo P., Rust P., Rutkowski M., Sabanayagam C., Sachdev H.S., Sadjadi A., Safarpour A.R., Safiri S., Saidi O., Saki N., Salanave B., Salmerón D., Salomaa V., Salonen J.T., Salvetti M., Sánchez-Abanto J., Sans S., Santaliestra-Pasías A.M., Santos D.A., Santos M.P., Santos R., Saramies J.L., Sardinha L.B., Sarrafzadegan N., Saum K.-U., Savva S.C., Sawada N., Sbaraini M., Scazufca M., Schaan B.D., Schargrodsky H., Scheidt-Nave C., Schienkiewitz A., Schipf S., Schmidt C.O., Schöttker B., Schramm S., Sebert S., Sein A.A., Sen A., Sepanlou S.G., Servais J., Shakeri R., Shalnova S.A., Shamah-Levy T., Sharafkhah M., Sharma S.K., Shaw J.E., Shayanrad A., Shi Z., Shibuya K., Shimizu-Furusawa H., Shin D.W., Shin Y., Shirani M., Shiri R., Shrestha N., Si-Ramlee K., Siani A., Siantar R., Sibai A.M., Silva D.A.S., Simon M., Simons J., Simons L.A., Sjöström M., Skaaby T., Slowikowska-Hilczer J., Slusarczyk P., Smeeth L., Snijder M.B., Söderberg S., Soemantri A., Sofat R., Solfrizzi V., Somi M.H., Sonestedt E., Sørensen T.I.A., Jérome C.S., Soumaré A., Sozmen K., Sparrenberger K., Staessen J.A., Stathopoulou M.G., Stavreski B., Steene-Johannessen J., Stehle P., Stein A.D., Stessman J., Stevanovic R., Stieber J., Stöckl D., Stokwiszewski J., Stronks K., Strufaldi M.W., 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Vlasoff T., Vollenweider P., Voutilainen A., Wade A.N., Wagner A., Walton J., Bebakar W.M.W., Mohamud W.N.W., Wang M.-D., Wang N., Wang Q., Wang Y.X., Wang Y.-W., Wannamethee S.G., Wedderkopp N., Wei W., Whincup P.H., Widhalm K., Widyahening I.S., Wiecek A., Wijga A.H., Wilks R.J., Willeit J., Willeit P., Wilsgaard T., Wojtyniak B., Wong-McClure R.A., Wong A., Wong T.Y., Woo J., Woodward M., Wu F.C., Wu S., Xu H., Xu L., Yan W., Yang X., Yasuharu T., Ye X., Yeow T.P., Yiallouros P.K., Yoosefi M., Yoshihara A., You S.-L., Younger-Coleman N.O., Yusoff A.F., Zainuddin A.A., Zakavi S.R., Zali M.R., Zamani F., Zambon S., Zampelas A., Zaw K.K., Zdrojewski T., Vrkic T.Z., Zhang Z.-Y., Zhao W., Zhen S., Zheng Y., Zholdin B., Zhussupov B., Zoghlami N., Cisneros J.Z., Gregg E.W., Ezzati M., NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

Publicada: 1 ene 2020
Categoría: Multidisciplinary

Resumen:
High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

Filiaciones:
Taddei C.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Zhou B.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Bixby H.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Carrillo-Larco R.M.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Danaei G.:
 Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States

Jackson R.T.:
 University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Farzadfar F.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Sophiea M.K.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Di Cesare M.:
 Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom

Iurilli M.L.C.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Martinez A.R.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Asghari G.:
 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Dhana K.:
 Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States

Gulayin P.:
 Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Kakarmath S.:
 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

Santero M.:
 Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Voortman T.:
 Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Riley L.M.:
 World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Cowan M.J.:
 World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Savin S.:
 World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Bennett J.E.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Stevens G.A.:
 Independent researcher, Los Angeles, CA, United States

 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Paciorek C.J.:
 University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States

Aekplakorn W.:
 Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

Cifkova R.:
 Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

 Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Giampaoli S.:
 Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

Kengne A.P.:
 South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa

Khang Y.-H.:
 Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

Kuulasmaa K.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Laxmaiah A.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India

Margozzini P.:
 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Mathur P.:
 ICMR–National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India

Nordestgaard B.G.:
 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Zhao D.:
 Capital Medical University Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Beijing, China

Aadahl M.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Abarca-Gómez L.:
 Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, Costa Rica

Rahim H.A.:
 Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

Abu-Rmeileh N.M.:
 Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine

Acosta-Cazares B.:
 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico

Adams R.J.:
 Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Agdeppa I.A.:
 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig, Philippines

Aghazadeh-Attari J.:
 Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Aguilar-Salinas C.A.:
 Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico

Agyemang C.:
 University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Ahluwalia T.S.:
 Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

Ahmad N.A.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Ahmadi A.:
 Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran

Ahmadi N.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Ahmed S.H.:
 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Ahrens W.:
 University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Ajlouni K.:
 National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan

Alarouj M.:
 Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait

AlBuhairan F.:
 Aldara Hospital and Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

AlDhukair S.:
 King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Ali M.M.:
 World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Alkandari A.:
 Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait

Alkerwi A.:
 Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg

Aly E.:
 World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt

Amarapurkar D.N.:
 Bombay Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India

Amouyel P.:
 University of Lille, Lille, France

 Lille University Hospital, Lille, France

Andersen L.B.:
 Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway

Anderssen S.A.:
 Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway

Anjana R.M.:
 Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Ansari-Moghaddam A.:
 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

Aounallah-Skhiri H.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Tunis, Tunisia

Araújo J.:
 Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Ariansen I.:
 Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

Aris T.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Arku R.E.:
 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States

Arlappa N.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India

Aryal K.K.:
 Abt Associates, Kathmandu, Nepal

Aspelund T.:
 University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

Assunção M.C.F.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Auvinen J.:
 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Avdicová M.:
 Regional Authority of Public Health, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia

Azevedo A.:
 University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal

Azizi F.:
 Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Azmin M.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Balakrishna N.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India

Bamoshmoosh M.:
 University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen

Banach M.:
 Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Bandosz P.:
 Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

Banegas J.R.:
 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain

Barbagallo C.M.:
 University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

Barceló A.:
 Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States

Barkat A.:
 Mohammed V University de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

Bata I.:
 Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

Batieha A.M.:
 Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan

Batyrbek A.:
 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Baur L.A.:
 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Beaglehole R.:
 University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Belavendra A.:
 Christian Medical College, Vellore, India

Ben Romdhane H.:
 University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia

Benet M.:
 Cafam University Foundation, Bogota, Colombia

Benn M.:
 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Berkinbayev S.:
 Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Bernabe-Ortiz A.:
 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Bernotiene G.:
 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Bettiol H.:
 University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Bhargava S.K.:
 Sunder Lal Jain Hospital, Delhi, India

Bi Y.:
 Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Bienek A.:
 Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Bikbov M.:
 Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation

Bista B.:
 Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal

Bjerregaard P.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

Bjertness E.:
 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Bjertness M.B.:
 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Björkelund C.:
 University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Bloch K.V.:
 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Blokstra A.:
 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands

Bo S.:
 University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Boehm B.O.:
 Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

Boggia J.G.:
 Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay

Boissonnet C.P.:
 Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Bonaccio M.:
 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy

Bongard V.:
 Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France

Borchini R.:
 University Hospital of Varese, Varese, Italy

Borghs H.:
 University Hospital KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Bovet P.:
 Ministry of Health, Victoria, Seychelles

 University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Brajkovich I.:
 Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela

Breckenkamp J.:
 Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany

Brenner H.:
 German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany

Brewster L.M.:
 University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Bruno G.:
 University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Bugge A.:
 University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Busch M.A.:
 Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

de León A.C.:
 Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

Cacciottolo J.:
 University of Malta, Msida, Malta

Can G.:
 Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey

Cândido A.P.C.:
 Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil

Capanzana M.V.:
 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig, Philippines

Capuano E.:
 Gaetano Fucito Hospital, Mercato San Severino, Italy

Capuano V.:
 Gaetano Fucito Hospital, Mercato San Severino, Italy

Cardoso V.C.:
 University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Carvalho J.:
 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Casanueva F.F.:
 Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago, Spain

Censi L.:
 Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy

Chadjigeorgiou C.A.:
 Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Nicosia, Cyprus

Chamukuttan S.:
 Dr. A. Ramachandran’s Diabetes Hospital, Chennai, India

Chaturvedi N.:
 University College London, London, United Kingdom

Chen C.-J.:
 Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Chen F.:
 Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China

Chen S.:
 Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China

Cheng C.-Y.:
 Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

Cheraghian B.:
 Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Chetrit A.:
 The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel

Chiou S.-T.:
 Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan

Chirlaque M.-D.:
 Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain

Cho B.:
 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

Cho Y.:
 Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea

Chudek J.:
 Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Claessens F.:
 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Clarke J.:
 Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Clays E.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Concin H.:
 Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria

Confortin S.C.:
 Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil

Cooper C.:
 University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Costanzo S.:
 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy

Cottel D.:
 Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France

Cowell C.:
 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Crujeiras A.B.:
 CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain

Csilla S.:
 University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

Cui L.:
 Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China

Cureau F.V.:
 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

D’Arrigo G.:
 National Council of Research, Reggio Calabria, Italy

d’Orsi E.:
 Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil

Dallongeville J.:
 Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France

Damasceno A.:
 Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique

Dankner R.:
 The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel

Dantoft T.M.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Dauchet L.:
 University of Lille, Lille, France

 Lille University Hospital, Lille, France

Davletov K.:
 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

De Backer G.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

De Bacquer D.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

de Gaetano G.:
 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy

De Henauw S.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

de Oliveira P.D.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

De Ridder D.:
 Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

De Smedt D.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Deepa M.:
 Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Deev A.D.:
 National Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation

Dehghan A.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Delisle H.:
 University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

Dennison E.:
 University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Deschamps V.:
 French Public Health Agency, St Maurice, France

Dhimal M.:
 Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal

Di Castelnuovo A.F.:
 Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy

Dika Z.:
 University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Djalalinia S.:
 Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Dobson A.J.:
 University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

Donfrancesco C.:
 Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

Donoso S.P.:
 Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador

Döring A.:
 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany

Dorobantu M.:
 Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

Dragano N.:
 University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

Drygas W.:
 Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

 National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland

Du Y.:
 Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

Duante C.A.:
 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig, Philippines

Duda R.B.:
 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States

Dzerve V.:
 University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia

Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.:
 Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Eddie R.:
 Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Gizo, Solomon Islands

Eftekhar E.:
 Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Eggertsen R.:
 University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Eghtesad S.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Eiben G.:
 University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden

Ekelund U.:
 Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway

El Ati J.:
 National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia

Eldemire-Shearer D.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Eliasen M.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Elosua R.:
 Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain

Erasmus R.T.:
 University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa

Erbel R.:
 University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany

Erem C.:
 Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

Eriksen L.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

Eriksson J.G.:
 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Escobedo-de la Peña J.:
 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico

Eslami S.:
 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Esmaeili A.:
 Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

Evans A.:
 Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Faeh D.:
 University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Fall C.H.:
 University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Faramarzi E.:
 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Farjam M.:
 Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

Fattahi M.R.:
 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Felix-Redondo F.J.:
 Centro de Salud Villanueva Norte, Badajoz, Spain

Ferguson T.S.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Fernández-Bergés D.:
 Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Badajoz, Spain

Ferrante D.:
 Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Ferrari M.:
 Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy

Ferreccio C.:
 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Ferrieres J.:
 Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France

Föger B.:
 Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria

Foo L.H.:
 Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia

Forslund A.-S.:
 Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Forsner M.:
 Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Fouad H.M.:
 World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt

Francis D.K.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

do Carmo Franco M.:
 University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

 Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Franco O.H.:
 Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Frontera G.:
 Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma, Spain

Fujita Y.:
 Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Japan

Fumihiko M.:
 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Furusawa T.:
 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Gaciong Z.:
 Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

Galvano F.:
 University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Gao J.:
 Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China

Garcia-de-la-Hera M.:
 CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Alicante, Spain

Garnett S.P.:
 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Gaspoz J.-M.:
 Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

Gasull M.:
 CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain

Gazzinelli A.:
 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Geleijnse J.M.:
 Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands

Ghanbari A.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Ghasemi E.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F.:
 Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

Ghimire A.:
 B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal

Gianfagna F.:
 Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy

 University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

Gill T.K.:
 University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Giovannelli J.:
 University of Lille, Lille, France

 Lille University Hospital, Lille, France

Gironella G.:
 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig, Philippines

Giwercman A.:
 Lund University, Lund, Sweden

Goltzman D.:
 McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

Gonçalves H.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Gonzalez-Chica D.A.:
 University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Gonzalez-Gross M.:
 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

González-Rivas J.P.:
 St Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic

González-Villalpando C.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico

González-Villalpando M.-E.:
 Centro de Estudios en Diabetes A.C., Mexico City, Mexico

Gonzalez A.R.:
 Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Gottrand F.:
 University of Lille, Lille, France

Graff-Iversen S.:
 Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

Grafnetter D.:
 Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

Gregor R.D.:
 Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

Grodzicki T.:
 Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Grøntved A.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Grosso G.:
 University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Gruden G.:
 University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Gu D.:
 National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China

Guallar-Castillón P.:
 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain

Guan O.P.:
 Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore

Gudmundsson E.F.:
 Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland

Gudnason V.:
 University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

Guerrero R.:
 Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia

Guessous I.:
 Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

Gunnlaugsdottir J.:
 Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland

Gupta R.:
 Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, India

Gutierrez L.:
 Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Gutzwiller F.:
 University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Ha S.:
 National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, South Korea

Hadaegh F.:
 Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Haghshenas R.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Hakimi H.:
 Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

Hambleton I.R.:
 The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados

Hamzeh B.:
 Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Hantunen S.:
 University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Kumar R.H.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India

Hashemi-Shahri S.M.:
 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

Hata J.:
 Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Haugsgjerd T.:
 University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Hayes A.J.:
 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

He J.:
 Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States

He Y.:
 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Hendriks M.E.:
 Joep Lange Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Henriques A.:
 Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Herrala S.:
 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Heshmat R.:
 Chronic Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Hill A.G.:
 University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Ho S.Y.:
 University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Ho S.C.:
 University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

 The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Hobbs M.:
 University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

Hofman A.:
 Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Homayounfar R.:
 Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

Hopman W.M.:
 Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada

Horimoto A.R.V.R.:
 Heart Institute, São Paulo, Brazil

Hormiga C.M.:
 Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia

Horta B.L.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Houti L.:
 University Oran 1, Oran, Algeria

Howitt C.:
 The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados

Htay T.T.:
 Independent Public Health Specialist, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

Htet A.S.:
 Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

Htike M.M.T.:
 Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

Huerta J.M.:
 CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Murcia, Spain

Huhtaniemi I.T.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Huisman M.:
 VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Hunsberger M.L.:
 University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Husseini A.S.:
 Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine

Huybrechts I.:
 International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Hwalla N.:
 American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon

Iacoviello L.:
 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy

 University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

Iannone A.G.:
 Gaetano Fucito Hospital, Mercato San Severino, Italy

Ibrahim M.M.:
 Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Wong N.I.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Iglesia I.:
 University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

Ikeda N.:
 National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan

Ikram M.A.:
 Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Iotova V.:
 Medical University Varna, Varna, Bulgaria

Irazola V.E.:
 Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Ishida T.:
 The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Islam M.:
 The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada

al-Safi Ismail A.:
 Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia

Iwasaki M.:
 Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

Jacobs J.M.:
 Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel

Jaddou H.Y.:
 Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan

Jafar T.:
 Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

James K.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Jamrozik K.:
 University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Janszky I.:
 Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

Janus E.:
 University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Jarvelin M.-R.:
 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Jasienska G.:
 Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Jelakovic A.:
 University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Jelakovic B.:
 University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia

Jennings G.:
 Heart Foundation, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Jensen G.B.:
 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Jeong S.-L.:
 National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, South Korea

Jha A.K.:
 Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal

Jiang C.Q.:
 Guangzhou 12th Hospital, Guangzhou, China

Jimenez R.O.:
 Universidad Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Jöckel K.-H.:
 University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany

Joffres M.:
 Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada

Jokelainen J.J.:
 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Jonas J.B.:
 Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Jørgensen T.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Joshi P.:
 World Health Organization Country Office, Delhi, India

Joukar F.:
 Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Józwiak J.:
 University of Opole, Opole, Poland

Juolevi A.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Kafatos A.:
 University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

Kajantie E.O.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Kalter-Leibovici O.:
 The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel

Kamaruddin N.A.:
 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Kamstrup P.R.:
 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Karki K.B.:
 Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal

Katz J.:
 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States

Kauhanen J.:
 University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Kaur P.:
 National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India

Kavousi M.:
 Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Kazakbaeva G.:
 Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation

Keil U.:
 University of Münster, Münster, Germany

Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S.:
 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Kelishadi R.:
 Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan, Iran

Keramati M.:
 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Kerimkulova A.:
 Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Kersting M.:
 Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Dortmund, Germany

Khader Y.S.:
 Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan

Khalili D.:
 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Khateeb M.:
 National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan

Kheradmand M.:
 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Khosravi A.:
 Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan, Iran

Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.:
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Kiechl S.:
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Killewo J.:
 Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Kim H.C.:
 Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

Kim J.:
 National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, South Korea

Kim Y.-Y.:
 National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, South Korea

Klumbiene J.:
 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Knoflach M.:
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Ko S.:
 Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Kohler H.-P.:
 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

Kohler I.V.:
 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

Kolle E.:
 Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway

Kolsteren P.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

König J.:
 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Korpelainen R.:
 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

 Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Oulu, Finland

Korrovits P.:
 Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia

Kos J.:
 University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Koskinen S.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Kouda K.:
 Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan

Kowlessur S.:
 Ministry of Health and Quality of Life, Port Louis, Mauritius

Kratzer W.:
 University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany

Kriemler S.:
 University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Kristensen P.L.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Krokstad S.:
 Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

Kromhout D.:
 University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

Kujala U.M.:
 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

Kurjata P.:
 National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland

Kyobutungi C.:
 African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya

Laamiri F.Z.:
 Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Settat, Morocco

Laatikainen T.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Lachat C.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Laid Y.:
 Ministry of Health, Algiers, Algeria

Lam T.H.:
 University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Lambrinou C.-P.:
 Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

Lanska V.:
 Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

Lappas G.:
 Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden

Larijani B.:
 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran, Iran

Latt T.S.:
 University of Public Health, Yangon, Myanmar

Laugsand L.E.:
 Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

Lazo-Porras M.:
 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Lee J.:
 National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Lehmann N.:
 University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany

Lehtimäki T.:
 Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

 Tampere University, Tampere, Finland

Levitt N.S.:
 University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Li Y.:
 Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States

Lilly C.L.:
 West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States

Lim W.-Y.:
 National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Lima-Costa M.F.:
 Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rene Rachou Research Institute, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Lin H.-H.:
 National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Lin X.:
 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

Lin Y.-T.:
 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Lind L.:
 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Linneberg A.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Lissner L.:
 University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Liu J.:
 Capital Medical University Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Beijing, China

Loit H.-M.:
 National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia

Lopez-Garcia E.:
 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain

Lopez T.:
 Universidad San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru

Lotufo P.A.:
 University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Lozano J.E.:
 Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain

Luksiene D.:
 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Lundqvist A.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Lundqvist R.:
 Norrbotten County Council, Luleå, Sweden

Lunet N.:
 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Ma G.:
 Peking University, Beijing, China

Machado-Coelho G.L.L.:
 Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil

Machado-Rodrigues A.M.:
 University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Machi S.:
 The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Madar A.A.:
 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Maggi S.:
 Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council, Padua, Italy

Magliano D.J.:
 Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Magriplis E.:
 Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece

Mahasampath G.:
 Christian Medical College, Vellore, India

Maire B.:
 French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Montpellier, France

Makdisse M.:
 Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil

Malekzadeh F.:
 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Malekzadeh R.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Rao K.M.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India

Manios Y.:
 Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

Mann J.I.:
 University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Mansour-Ghanaei F.:
 Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Manzato E.:
 University of Padua, Padua, Italy

Marques-Vidal P.:
 Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

Martorell R.:
 Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States

Mascarenhas L.P.:
 Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil

Mathiesen E.B.:
 UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

Matsha T.E.:
 Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa

Mavrogianni C.:
 Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

McFarlane S.R.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

McGarvey S.T.:
 Brown University, Providence, RI, United States

McLachlan S.:
 University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

McLean R.M.:
 University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

McLean S.B.:
 Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

McNulty B.A.:
 University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Mediene-Benchekor S.:
 University Oran 1, Oran, Algeria

Mehdipour P.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mehlig K.:
 University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Mehrparvar A.H.:
 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

Meirhaeghe A.:
 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Lille, France

Meisinger C.:
 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany

Menezes A.M.B.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Menon G.R.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India

Merat S.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mereke A.:
 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Meshram I.I.:
 ICMR–National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India

Metcalf P.:
 University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Meyer H.E.:
 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Mi J.:
 Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China

Michels N.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Miller J.C.:
 University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Minderico C.S.:
 Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal

Mini G.K.:
 Women’s Social and Health Studies Foundation, Trivandrum, India

Miquel J.F.:
 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Miranda J.J.:
 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Mirjalili M.R.:
 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

Mirrakhimov E.:
 Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Modesti P.A.:
 Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy

Moghaddam S.S.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mohajer B.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mohamed M.K.:
 Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Mohammad K.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mohammadi Z.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mohammadifard N.:
 Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan, Iran

Mohammadpourhodki R.:
 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Mohan V.:
 Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Mohanna S.:
 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Yusoff M.F.M.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Mohebbi I.:
 Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Mohebi F.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Moitry M.:
 University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

 Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France

Møllehave L.T.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Møller N.C.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Molnár D.:
 University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary

Momenan A.:
 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mondo C.K.:
 Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Monterrubio-Flores E.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico

Moosazadeh M.:
 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Morejon A.:
 University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos, Cienfuegos, Cuba

Moreno L.A.:
 University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

Morgan K.:
 Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Morin S.N.:
 McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

Moschonis G.:
 La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Mossakowska M.:
 International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland

Mostafa A.:
 Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Mota J.:
 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Motlagh M.E.:
 Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Motta J.:
 Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama

Msyamboza K.P.:
 World Health Organization Country Office, Lilongwe, Malawi

Muiesan M.L.:
 University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

Müller-Nurasyid M.:
 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany

Mursu J.:
 University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Mustafa N.:
 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Nabipour I.:
 Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

Naderimagham S.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Nagel G.:
 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

Naidu B.M.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Najafi F.:
 Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Nakamura H.:
 Kobe University, Kobe, Japan

Námešná J.:
 Regional Authority of Public Health, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia

Nang E.E.K.:
 National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Nangia V.B.:
 Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India

Nauck M.:
 University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Neal W.A.:
 West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States

Nejatizadeh A.:
 Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Nenko I.:
 Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Nervi F.:
 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Nguyen N.D.:
 University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

Nguyen Q.N.:
 Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam

Nieto-Martínez R.E.:
 Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, FL, United States

Nihal T.:
 Christian Medical College, Vellore, India

Niiranen T.J.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

 University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Ning G.:
 Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Ninomiya T.:
 Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Noale M.:
 Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council, Padua, Italy

Noboa O.A.:
 Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay

Noto D.:
 University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

Nsour M.A.:
 Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan

Nuhoglu I.:
 Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

O’Neill T.W.:
 University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

O’Reilly D.:
 Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Ochoa-Avilés A.M.:
 Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador

Oh K.:
 Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea

Ohtsuka R.:
 Japan Wildlife Research Center, Tokyo, Japan

Olafsson Ö.:
 Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland

Olié V.:
 French Public Health Agency, St Maurice, France

Oliveira I.O.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Omar M.A.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Onat A.:
 Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

Ong S.K.:
 Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam

Ordunez P.:
 Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States

Ornelas R.:
 University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal

Ortiz P.J.:
 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Osmond C.:
 MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton, United Kingdom

Ostojic S.M.:
 University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

Ostovar A.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Otero J.A.:
 Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia

Owusu-Dabo E.:
 Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

Paccaud F.M.:
 Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Pahomova E.:
 University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia

Pajak A.:
 Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Palmieri L.:
 Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

Pan W.-H.:
 Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Panda-Jonas S.:
 Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Panza F.:
 IRCCS Ente Ospedaliero Specializzato in Gastroenterologia S. de Bellis, Bari, Italy

Parnell W.R.:
 University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Patel N.D.:
 Jivandeep Hospital, Anand, India

Peer N.:
 South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa

Peixoto S.V.:
 Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rene Rachou Research Institute, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Peltonen M.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Pereira A.C.:
 Heart Institute, São Paulo, Brazil

Peters A.:
 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany

Petersmann A.:
 University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Petkeviciene J.:
 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Peykari N.:
 Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Pham S.T.:
 Vietnam National Heart Institute, Hanoi, Viet Nam

Pichardo R.N.:
 Clínica de Medicina Avanzada Dr. Abel González, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Pigeot I.:
 Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany

Pilav A.:
 University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Pilotto L.:
 Cardiovascular Prevention Centre, Udine, Italy

Piwonska A.:
 National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland

Pizarro A.N.:
 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Plans-Rubió P.:
 Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain

Plata S.:
 Observatorio de Salud Pública de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia

Pohlabeln H.:
 Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany

Porta M.:
 Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain

Portegies M.L.P.:
 Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Poudyal A.:
 Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal

Pourfarzi F.:
 Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

Poustchi H.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Pradeepa R.:
 Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Price J.F.:
 University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Providencia R.:
 University College London, London, United Kingdom

Puder J.J.:
 Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

Puhakka S.E.:
 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

 Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Oulu, Finland

Punab M.:
 Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia

Qorbani M.:
 Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Bao T.Q.:
 Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam

Radisauskas R.:
 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Rahimikazerooni S.:
 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Raitakari O.:
 University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Rao S.R.:
 National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India

Ramachandran A.:
 India Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Ramos E.:
 University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal

Ramos R.:
 Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Girona, Spain

Rampal L.:
 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia

Rampal S.:
 University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Redon J.:
 University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Reganit P.F.M.:
 University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines

Revilla L.:
 Universidad San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru

Rezaianzadeh A.:
 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Ribeiro R.:
 Minas Gerais State Secretariat for Health, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Richter A.:
 University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Rigo F.:
 CS S. Agustín Ibsalut, Palma, Spain

Rinke de Wit T.F.:
 Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Rodríguez-Artalejo F.:
 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain

del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M.:
 Canarian Health Service, Tenerife, Spain

Rodríguez-Villamizar L.A.:
 Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia

Roggenbuck U.:
 University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany

Rojas-Martinez R.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico

Romaguera D.:
 CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain

Romeo E.L.:
 Associazione Calabrese di Epatologia, Reggio Calabria, Italy

Rosengren A.:
 University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

 Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Roy J.G.R.:
 Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Rubinstein A.:
 Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Ruidavets J.-B.:
 Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France

Ruiz-Betancourt B.S.:
 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico

Russo P.:
 Institute of Food Sciences of the National Research Council, Avellino, Italy

Rust P.:
 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Rutkowski M.:
 Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

Sabanayagam C.:
 Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore

Sachdev H.S.:
 Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India

Sadjadi A.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Safarpour A.R.:
 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Safiri S.:
 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Saidi O.:
 Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia

Saki N.:
 Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Salanave B.:
 French Public Health Agency, St Maurice, France

Salmerón D.:
 CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Murcia, Spain

Salomaa V.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Salonen J.T.:
 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Salvetti M.:
 University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

Sánchez-Abanto J.:
 National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru

Sans S.:
 Catalan Department of Health, Barcelona, Spain

Santaliestra-Pasías A.M.:
 University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

Santos D.A.:
 Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

Santos M.P.:
 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Santos R.:
 University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Saramies J.L.:
 South Karelia Social and Health Care District, Lappeenranta, Finland

Sardinha L.B.:
 Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

Sarrafzadegan N.:
 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran

Saum K.-U.:
 German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany

Savva S.C.:
 Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Nicosia, Cyprus

Sawada N.:
 National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan

Sbaraini M.:
 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Scazufca M.:
 University of São Paulo Clinics Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil

Schaan B.D.:
 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Schargrodsky H.:
 Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Scheidt-Nave C.:
 Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

Schienkiewitz A.:
 Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

Schipf S.:
 University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Schmidt C.O.:
 University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Schöttker B.:
 German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany

Schramm S.:
 University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany

Sebert S.:
 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Sein A.A.:
 Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

Sen A.:
 Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway, Trondheim, Norway

Sepanlou S.G.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Servais J.:
 Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Shakeri R.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Shalnova S.A.:
 National Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation

Shamah-Levy T.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico

Sharafkhah M.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Sharma S.K.:
 B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal

Shaw J.E.:
 Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Shayanrad A.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Shi Z.:
 Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

Shibuya K.:
 King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

Shimizu-Furusawa H.:
 National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Shin D.W.:
 Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea

Shin Y.:
 Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore

Shirani M.:
 Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran

Shiri R.:
 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland

Shrestha N.:
 Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal

Si-Ramlee K.:
 Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam

Siani A.:
 Institute of Food Sciences of the National Research Council, Avellino, Italy

Siantar R.:
 Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore

Sibai A.M.:
 American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon

Silva D.A.S.:
 Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil

Simon M.:
 India Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Simons J.:
 St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Simons L.A.:
 University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Sjöström M.:
 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Skaaby T.:
 Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup, Denmark

Slowikowska-Hilczer J.:
 Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Slusarczyk P.:
 International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland

Smeeth L.:
 London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Snijder M.B.:
 University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Söderberg S.:
 Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Soemantri A.:
 Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Sofat R.:
 University College London, London, United Kingdom

Solfrizzi V.:
 University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Somi M.H.:
 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Sonestedt E.:
 Lund University, Lund, Sweden

Sørensen T.I.A.:
 University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Jérome C.S.:
 Institut Régional de Santé Publique, Ouidah, Benin

Soumaré A.:
 University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

Sozmen K.:
 Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey

Sparrenberger K.:
 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Staessen J.A.:
 University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Stathopoulou M.G.:
 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nancy, France

Stavreski B.:
 Heart Foundation, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Steene-Johannessen J.:
 Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway

Stehle P.:
 Bonn University, Bonn, Germany

Stein A.D.:
 Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States

Stessman J.:
 Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel

Stevanovic R.:
 Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia

Stieber J.:
 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany

Stöckl D.:
 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany

Stokwiszewski J.:
 National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland

Stronks K.:
 University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Strufaldi M.W.:
 University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

 Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Suárez-Medina R.:
 National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Havana, Cuba

Sun C.-A.:
 Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan

Sundström J.:
 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Suriyawongpaisal P.:
 Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

Sy R.G.:
 University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines

Sylva R.C.:
 National Statistic Office of Cabo Verde, Praia, Cape Verde

Szklo M.:
 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States

Tai E.S.:
 National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Tamosiunas A.:
 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Tan E.J.:
 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Tarawneh M.R.:
 Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan

Tarqui-Mamani C.B.:
 National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru

Taylor A.:
 University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Taylor J.:
 University College London, London, United Kingdom

Tell G.S.:
 University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Tello T.:
 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Thankappan K.R.:
 Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India

Thijs L.:
 University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Thuesen B.H.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Toft U.:
 Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Tolonen H.K.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Tolstrup J.S.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

Topbas M.:
 Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

Topór-Madry R.:
 Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Tormo M.J.:
 Health Service of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

Tornaritis M.J.:
 Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Nicosia, Cyprus

Torrent M.:
 Institut d’Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears, Menorca, Spain

Torres-Collado L.:
 CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Alicante, Spain

Traissac P.:
 French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Montpellier, France

Trinh O.T.H.:
 University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

Truthmann J.:
 Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

Tsugane S.:
 National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan

Tulloch-Reid M.K.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Tuomainen T.-P.:
 University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Tuomilehto J.:
 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Tybjaerg-Hansen A.:
 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Tzourio C.:
 University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

Ueda P.:
 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Ugel E.:
 Universidad Centro-Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela

Ulmer H.:
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Unal B.:
 Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

Uusitalo H.M.T.:
 University of Tampere Tays Eye Center, Tampere, Finland

Valdivia G.:
 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Valvi D.:
 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States

van Dam R.M.:
 National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

van der Schouw Y.T.:
 Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

Van Herck K.:
 Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Van Minh H.:
 Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam

van Rossem L.:
 University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

Van Schoor N.M.:
 VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

van Valkengoed I.G.M.:
 University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Vanderschueren D.:
 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Vanuzzo D.:
 Cardiovascular Prevention Centre, Udine, Italy

Varbo A.:
 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Varona-Pérez P.:
 National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Havana, Cuba

Vasan S.K.:
 University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Vatten L.:
 Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

Vega T.:
 Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain

Veidebaum T.:
 National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia

Velasquez-Melendez G.:
 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Venero-Fernández S.J.:
 National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Havana, Cuba

Veronesi G.:
 University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

Verschuren W.M.M.:
 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands

Victora C.G.:
 Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Vidiawati D.:
 Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Viet L.:
 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands

Villalpando S.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico

Vioque J.:
 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain

Virtanen J.K.:
 University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Visvikis-Siest S.:
 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nancy, France

Viswanathan B.:
 Ministry of Health, Victoria, Seychelles

Vlasoff T.:
 North Karelian Center for Public Health, Joensuu, Finland

Vollenweider P.:
 Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

Voutilainen A.:
 University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Wade A.N.:
 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Wagner A.:
 University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

Walton J.:
 Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland

Bebakar W.M.W.:
 Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia

Mohamud W.N.W.:
 Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Wang M.-D.:
 Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Wang N.:
 Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China

Wang Q.:
 Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China

Wang Y.X.:
 Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

Wang Y.-W.:
 Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan

Wannamethee S.G.:
 University College London, London, United Kingdom

Wedderkopp N.:
 University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Wei W.:
 Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

Whincup P.H.:
 St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom

Widhalm K.:
 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

 Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Widyahening I.S.:
 Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Wiecek A.:
 Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Wijga A.H.:
 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands

Wilks R.J.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Willeit J.:
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Willeit P.:
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Wilsgaard T.:
 UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

Wojtyniak B.:
 National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland

Wong-McClure R.A.:
 Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, Costa Rica

Wong A.:
 University College London, London, United Kingdom

Wong T.Y.:
 Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

Woo J.:
 University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

 The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Woodward M.:
 University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Wu F.C.:
 University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Wu S.:
 Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China

Xu H.:
 Institute of Food and Nutrition Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China

Xu L.:
 Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China

Yan W.:
 Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Yang X.:
 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Yasuharu T.:
 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Ye X.:
 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

Yeow T.P.:
 Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia

Yiallouros P.K.:
 University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus

Yoosefi M.:
 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Yoshihara A.:
 Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

You S.-L.:
 Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan

Younger-Coleman N.O.:
 The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Yusoff A.F.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Zainuddin A.A.:
 Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Zakavi S.R.:
 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Zali M.R.:
 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Zamani F.:
 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Zambon S.:
 University of Padua, Padua, Italy

Zampelas A.:
 Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece

Zaw K.K.:
 University of Public Health, Yangon, Myanmar

Zdrojewski T.:
 Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

Vrkic T.Z.:
 University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Zhang Z.-Y.:
 University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Zhao W.:
 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Zhen S.:
 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China

Zheng Y.:
 Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

Zholdin B.:
 West Kazakhstan State Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

Zhussupov B.:
 Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Zoghlami N.:
 National Institute of Public Health, Tunis, Tunisia

Cisneros J.Z.:
 Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama

Gregg E.W.:
 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Ezzati M.:
 University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
ISSN: 00280836
Editorial
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 582 Número: 7810
Páginas: 73-77
WOS Id: 000562463000002
ID de PubMed: 32494083