Risk factors associated with the detection of pulmonary emphysema in older asymptomatic respiratory subjects


Por: Buendia-Roldan I., Palma-Lopez A., Chan-Padilla D., Herrera I., Maldonado M., Fernández R., Martínez-Briseño D., Mejia M., Selman M.

Publicada: 1 ene 2020
Categoría: Pulmonary and respiratory medicine

Resumen:
BACKGROUND: Several lung structural and functional abnormalities may occur associated with aging, including emphysema. In this study, we evaluated the frequency and risk factors associated with emphysema in respiratory asymptomatic individuals enrolled in our Lung Aging Program. From a cohort of 687 subjects, we found by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) 29 individuals (4%) with emphysematous changes that were compared with 87 controls (3:1) randomly selected from the same cohort. METHODS: This was a transversal, observational, case-control study where we examined demographics and functional characteristics, as well as telomere length and serum Klotho concentration, two conditions that have been associated with aging and some aging-associated diseases including emphysema. RESULTS: Individuals with subclinical pulmonary emphysema were older (72 ± 9 versus 67 ± 6 years), and primarily smoker males with low body mass index. Despite that they were asymptomatic, two of them exhibited a decrease of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), with a lower FEV1/FVC suggesting airway obstruction. Cigarette smoking (OR = 5.43, CI95% 1.8-16.7), family history of lung disease (OR = 4.32, CI95% 1.0-19.0) and lower body mass index (OR 7.22, CI95% 1.2-3.5) were risk factors for the development of lung emphysematous changes. No association was found with telomere length and Klotho serum concentration. CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that a small but important percentage of older people without respiratory symptoms, present pulmonary emphysema and indicate that smoking exposure and genetic background may contribute to etiological factors.

Filiaciones:
Buendia-Roldan I.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Palma-Lopez A.:
 Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Facultad de Medicina, Culiacán, Mexico

Chan-Padilla D.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Herrera I.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Maldonado M.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Fernández R.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Martínez-Briseño D.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Mejia M.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Selman M.:
 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Tlalpan 4502, CP 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
ISSN: 14712466
Editorial
BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 20 Número: 1
Páginas: 164
WOS Id: 000541144600001
ID de PubMed: 32517728