Coral reef restoration efforts in Latin American countries and territories
Por:
Bayraktarov, Elisa, Banaszak, Anastazia T., Maya, Phanor Montoya, Kleypas, Joanie, Arias-Gonzalez, Jesus E., Blanco, Macarena, Calle-Trivino, Johanna, Charuvi, Nufar, Cortes-Useche, Camilo, Galvan, Victor, Garcia Salgado, Miguel A., Gnecco, Mariana, Guendulain-Garcia, Sergio D., Hernandez Delgado, Edwin A., Marin Moraga, Jose A., Fernanda Maya, Maria, Mendoza Quiroz, Sandra, Mercado Cervantes, Samantha, Morikawa, Megan, Nava, Gabriela, Pizarro, Valeria, Sellares-Blasco, I, Rita, Suleiman Ramos, Samuel E., Villalobos Cubero, Tatiana, Villalpando, Maria F., Frias-Torres, Sarah
Publicada:
5 ago 2020
Categoría:
Multidisciplinary
Resumen:
Coral reefs worldwide are degrading due to climate change, overfishing,
pollution, coastal development, coral bleaching, and diseases. In areas
where the natural recovery of an ecosystem is negligible or protection
through management interventions insufficient, active restoration
becomes critical. The Reef Futures symposium in 2018 brought together
over 400 reef restoration experts, businesses, and civil organizations,
and galvanized them to save coral reefs through restoration or identify
alternative solutions. The symposium highlighted that solutions and
discoveries from long-term and ongoing coral reef restoration projects
in Spanish-speaking countries in the Caribbean and Eastern Tropical
Pacific were not well known internationally. Therefore, a meeting of
scientists and practitioners working in these locations was held to
compile the data on the extent of coral reef restoration efforts,
advances and challenges. Here, we present unpublished data from 12 coral
reef restoration case studies from five Latin American countries,
describe their motivations and techniques used, and provide estimates on
total annual project cost per unit area of reef intervened, spatial
extent as well as project duration. We found that most projects used
direct transplantation, the coral gardening method, micro-fragmentation
or larval propagation, and aimed to optimize or scale-up restoration
approaches (51%) or provide alternative, sustainable livelihood
opportunities (15%) followed by promoting coral reef conservation
stewardship and re-establishing a self-sustaining, functioning reef
ecosystems (both 13%). Reasons for restoring coral reefs were mainly
biotic and experimental (both 42%), followed by idealistic and
pragmatic motivations (both 8%). The median annual total cost from all
projects was $93,000 USD (range: $10,000 USD-$331,802 USD) (2018
dollars) and intervened a median spatial area of 1 ha (range: 0.06
ha-8.39 ha). The median project duration was 3 years; however, projects
have lasted up to 17 years. Project feasibility was high with a median
of 0.7 (range: 0.5-0.8). This study closes the knowledge gap between
academia and practitioners and overcomes the language barrier by
providing the first comprehensive compilation of data from ongoing coral
reef restoration efforts in Latin America.
Filiaciones:
Bayraktarov, Elisa:
Univ Queensland, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Banaszak, Anastazia T.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Invest Integral Conservac Arrecifes, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico
Maya, Phanor Montoya:
Corales Paz, Cali, Colombia
Kleypas, Joanie:
Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol CIMAR, Raising Coral Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Arias-Gonzalez, Jesus E.:
Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Recursos Mar, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
Blanco, Macarena:
Wave Change, Iberostar Hotels & Resorts, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep
Calle-Trivino, Johanna:
Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Recursos Mar, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
Wave Change, Iberostar Hotels & Resorts, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep
Sellares-Blasco, Rita, I , Fdn Dominicana Estudios Marinos FUNDEMAR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep
Charuvi, Nufar:
Fdn Calipso, Taganga, Magdalena, Colombia
Cortes-Useche, Camilo:
Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Recursos Mar, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
Sellares-Blasco, Rita, I , Fdn Dominicana Estudios Marinos FUNDEMAR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep
Galvan, Victor:
Fdn Grp Puntacana FGPC, Punta Cana, La Altagracia P, Dominican Rep
Garcia Salgado, Miguel A.:
Oceanus AC, Chetmal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
Gnecco, Mariana:
Corales Paz, Cali, Colombia
Guendulain-Garcia, Sergio D.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Invest Integral Conservac Arrecifes, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico
Hernandez Delgado, Edwin A.:
Soc Ambiente Marino SAM, San Juan, PR USA
Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA
Univ Puerto Rico, Ctr Appl Trop Ecol & Conservat, San Juan, PR 00936 USA
Marin Moraga, Jose A.:
Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol CIMAR, Raising Coral Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Fernanda Maya, Maria:
Corales Paz, Cali, Colombia
Mendoza Quiroz, Sandra:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Invest Integral Conservac Arrecifes, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico
SECORE Int Inc, Hilliard, OH USA
Mercado Cervantes, Samantha:
Fdn Grp Puntacana FGPC, Punta Cana, La Altagracia P, Dominican Rep
Morikawa, Megan:
Wave Change, Iberostar Hotels & Resorts, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep
Nava, Gabriela:
Oceanus AC, Chetmal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
Pizarro, Valeria:
Fdn Invest & Conservac Biol Marina ECOMARES, Cali, Valle Del Cauca, Colombia
Suleiman Ramos, Samuel E.:
Soc Ambiente Marino SAM, San Juan, PR USA
Villalobos Cubero, Tatiana:
Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol CIMAR, Raising Coral Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Villalpando, Maria F.:
Sellares-Blasco, Rita, I , Fdn Dominicana Estudios Marinos FUNDEMAR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep
Frias-Torres, Sarah:
Vulcan, Seattle, WA USA
Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA
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