Stratigraphy and radiocarbon ages of late-Holocene Las Derrumbadas rhyolitic domes and surrounding vents in the Serdan-Oriental basin (Mexico): Implications for archeology, biology, and hazard assessment
Por:
Chedeville, Corentin, Guilbaud M.-N., Siebe, Claus
Publicada:
1 mar 2020
Ahead of Print:
1 nov 2019
Resumen:
The Serdan-Oriental lacustrine basin in the eastern part of the
Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt holds a volcanic field of >30 monogenetic
vents. Among them, the similar to 1000-m-high, similar to 11 km(3) Las
Derrumbadas rhyolite twin domes dominate the interior of the basin and
are surrounded by smaller scoria cones, lava flows, shields, tuff rings,
and maars. Of interest in this area are rare endemic species encountered
in some of the maar lakes, as well as the large number of pre-Hispanic
archeological sites indicating that the lacustrine environment became
attractive as a dwelling hub during the late Holocene. We conducted a
stratigraphic and radiocarbon dating study to reconstruct the volcanic
history, assess the impact of past eruptions on the environment and
pre-Hispanic populations, and evaluate future volcanic hazards.
Accordingly, at least 10 volcanoes were identified to be < 25,000 BC of
which eight are Holocene in age (Alchichica, Tecuitlapa, Atexcac, Cerro
El Brujo, Tepexitl, Aljojuca, Derrumbadas, Piedras Negras). Hence, the
central part of the Serdan-Oriental basin should be considered
potentially active and new eruptions are likely to occur in the future.
Furthermore, we show that the similar to AD 20 Las Derrumbadas eruption
is one of the most voluminous silicic effusive eruptions during the
Holocene worldwide. This eruption possibly triggered a migration of
human populations from dispersed rural hamlets in the central part of
the basin toward fewer larger urban sites (e.g. Cantona) at its margins.
Finally, the young ages of the maars imply that the unique biodiversity
of their crater lakes must have developed over remarkably short
timescales.
Filiaciones:
Chedeville, Corentin:
Departamento de Vulcanología, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
Guilbaud M.-N.:
Departamento de Vulcanología, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
Siebe, Claus:
Departamento de Vulcanología, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
|