Evaluation of the Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Bacillus-DFM (Norum (TM)) in Broiler Chickens Infected With Salmonella Enteritidis
Por:
Adhikari, Bishnu, Hernandez-Patlan, Daniel, Solis-Cruz, Bruno, Kwon, Young Min, Arreguin, Margarita A., Latorre, Juan D., Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl, Hargis, Billy M., Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
Publicada:
27 ago 2019
Categoría:
Veterinary (miscellaneous)
Resumen:
Restrictions of in-feed antibiotics use in poultry has pushed research
toward finding appropriate alternatives such as Direct-Fed Microbials
(DFM). In this study, previously tested Bacillus isolates (B. subtilis
and B. amyloliquefaciens) were used to evaluate their therapeutic and
prophylactic effects against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S.
Enteritidis) in broiler chickens. For this purpose, initial
antibacterial activity of Bacillus-DFM (10(4) spores/g or 10(6)
spores/g) against S. Enteritidis colonization in crop, proventriculus
and intestine was investigated using an in vitro digestive model.
Furthermore, to evaluate therapeutic and prophylactic effects of
Bacillus-DFM (10(4) spores/g) against S. Enteritidis colonization,
altogether 60 (n = 30/group) and 30 (n = 15/group) 1-day-old broiler
chickens were randomly allocated to either DFM or control group (without
Bacillus-DFM), respectively. Chickens were orally gavaged with 10(4) cfu
of S. Enteritidis per chicken at 1-day old, and cecal tonsils (CT) and
crop were collected 3 and 10 days later during the therapeutic study,
whereas they were orally gavaged with 10(7) cfu of S. Enteritidis per
chicken at 6-day-old, and CT and crop were collected 24 h later from two
independent trials during the prophylactic study. Serum superoxide
dismutase (SOD), FITC-d and intestinal IgA levels were reported for both
chicken studies, in addition cecal microbiota analysis was performed
during the therapeutic study. DFM significantly reduced S. Enteritidis
concentration in the intestine compartment, and in both proventriculus
and intestine compartments as compared to the control when used at 10(4)
spores/g and 10(6) spores/g, respectively (p < 0.05). DFM significantly
reduced FITC-d and IgA as well as SOD and IgA levels (p < 0.05) compared
to the control in therapeutic and prophylactic studies, respectively.
Interestingly, in the therapeutic study, there were significant
differences in bacterial community structure and predicted metabolic
pathways between DFM and control. Likewise, phylum Actinobacteria and
the genera Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Proteus, and cc_115 were
decreased, while the genus Streptococcus was enriched significantly in
the DFM group as compared to the control (MetagenomeSeq, p < 0.05).
Thus, the overall results suggest that the Bacillus-DFM can reduce S.
Enteritidis colonization and improve the intestinal health in chickens
through mechanism(s) that might involve the modulation of gut microbiota
and their metabolic pathways.
Filiaciones:
Adhikari, Bishnu:
Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
Hernandez-Patlan, Daniel:
UNAM, Unidad Invest Multidisciplinaria, Lab LEDEFAR 5, FES Cuautitlan, Cuautitlan, Mexico
Solis-Cruz, Bruno:
UNAM, Unidad Invest Multidisciplinaria, Lab LEDEFAR 5, FES Cuautitlan, Cuautitlan, Mexico
Kwon, Young Min:
Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
Arreguin, Margarita A.:
Ecobio LLC, Fayetteville, AR USA
Latorre, Juan D.:
Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med & Zootecnia Aves, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Hargis, Billy M.:
Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo:
Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
|