Very-high-energy particle acceleration powered by the jets of the microquasar SS 433
Por:
Abeysekara A.U., Albert A., Alfaro R., Alvarez C., Álvarez J.D., Arceo R., Arteaga-Velázquez J.C., Avila Rojas D., Ayala Solares H.A., Belmont-Moreno E., BenZvi S.Y., Brisbois C., Caballero-Mora K.S., Capistrán T., Carramiñana A., Casanova S., Castillo M., Cotti U., Cotzomi J., Coutiño de León S., De León C., De la Fuente E., Díaz-Vélez J.C., Dichiara S., Dingus B.L., DuVernois M.A., Ellsworth R.W., Engel K., Espinoza C., Fang K., Fleischhack H., Fraija N., Galván-Gámez A., García-González J.A., Garfias F., González-Muñoz A., González M.M., Goodman J.A., Hampel-Arias Z., Harding J.P., Hernandez S., Hinton J., Hona B., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F., Hui C.M., Hüntemeyer P., Iriarte A., Jardin-Blicq A., Joshi V., Kaufmann S., Kar P., Kunde G.J., Lauer R.J., Lee W.H., León Vargas H., Li H., Linnemann J.T., Longinotti A.L., Luis-Raya G., López-Coto R., Malone K., Marinelli S.S., Martinez O., Martinez-Castellanos I., Martínez-Castro J., Matthews J.A., Miranda-Romagnoli P., Moreno E., Mostafá M., Nayerhoda A., Nellen L., Newbold M., Nisa M.U., Noriega-Papaqui R., Pretz J., Pérez-Pérez E.G., Ren Z., Rho C.D., Rivière C., Rosa-González D., Rosenberg M., Ruiz-Velasco E., Salesa Greus F., Sandoval A., Schneider M., Schoorlemmer H., Seglar Arroyo M., Sinnis G., Smith A.J., Springer R.W., Surajbali P., Taboada I., Tibolla O., Tollefson K., Torres I., Vianello G., Villaseñor L., Weisgarber T., Werner F., Westerhoff S., Wood J., Yapici T., Yodh G., Zepeda A., Zhang H., Zhou H.
Publicada:
4 oct 2018
Categoría:
Multidisciplinary
Resumen:
SS 433 is a binary system containing a supergiant star that is overflowing its Roche lobe with matter accreting onto a compact object (either a black hole or neutron star)1–3. Two jets of ionized matter with a bulk velocity of approximately 0.26c (where c is the speed of light in vacuum) extend from the binary, perpendicular to the line of sight, and terminate inside W50, a supernova remnant that is being distorted by the jets2,4–8. SS 433 differs from other microquasars (small-scale versions of quasars that are present within our own Galaxy) in that the accretion is believed to be super-Eddington9–11, and the luminosity of the system is about 1040 ergs per second2,9,12,13. The lobes of W50 in which the jets terminate, about 40 parsecs from the central source, are expected to accelerate charged particles, and indeed radio and X-ray emission consistent with electron synchrotron emission in a magnetic field have been observed14–16. At higher energies (greater than 100 gigaelectronvolts), the particle fluxes of ?-rays from X-ray hotspots around SS 433 have been reported as flux upper limits6,17–20. In this energy regime, it has been unclear whether the emission is dominated by electrons that are interacting with photons from the cosmic microwave background through inverse-Compton scattering or by protons that are interacting with the ambient gas. Here we report teraelectronvolt ?-ray observations of the SS 433/W50 system that spatially resolve the lobes. The teraelectronvolt emission is localized to structures in the lobes, far from the centre of the system where the jets are formed. We have measured photon energies of at least 25 teraelectronvolts, and these are certainly not Doppler-boosted, because of the viewing geometry. We conclude that the emission—from radio to teraelectronvolt energies—is consistent with a single population of electrons with energies extending to at least hundreds of teraelectronvolts in a magnetic field of about 16 microgauss. © 2018, Springer Nature Limited.
Filiaciones:
Abeysekara A.U.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
Albert A.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
Alfaro R.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Alvarez C.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Álvarez J.D.:
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
Arceo R.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Arteaga-Velázquez J.C.:
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
Avila Rojas D.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Ayala Solares H.A.:
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Belmont-Moreno E.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
BenZvi S.Y.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
Brisbois C.:
Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
Caballero-Mora K.S.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Capistrán T.:
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
Carramiñana A.:
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
Casanova S.:
Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, IFJ-PAN, Krakow, Poland
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Castillo M.:
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
Cotti U.:
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
Cotzomi J.:
Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
Coutiño de León S.:
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
De León C.:
Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
De la Fuente E.:
Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
Díaz-Vélez J.C.:
Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Dichiara S.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Dingus B.L.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
DuVernois M.A.:
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Ellsworth R.W.:
School of Physics, Astronomy, and Computational Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
Engel K.:
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Espinoza C.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Fang K.:
Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Fleischhack H.:
Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
Fraija N.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Galván-Gámez A.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
García-González J.A.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Garfias F.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
González-Muñoz A.:
Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
González M.M.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Goodman J.A.:
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Hampel-Arias Z.:
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Inter-university Institute for High Energies, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Harding J.P.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
Hernandez S.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Hinton J.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Hona B.:
Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Hui C.M.:
NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Astrophysics Office, Huntsville, AL, United States
Hüntemeyer P.:
Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
Iriarte A.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Jardin-Blicq A.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Joshi V.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Kaufmann S.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Kar P.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
Kunde G.J.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
Lauer R.J.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
Lee W.H.:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
León Vargas H.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Li H.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
Linnemann J.T.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
Longinotti A.L.:
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
Luis-Raya G.:
Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca, Pachuca, Mexico
López-Coto R.:
INFN and Universita di Padova, Padova, Italy
Malone K.:
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Marinelli S.S.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
Martinez O.:
Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
Martinez-Castellanos I.:
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Martínez-Castro J.:
Centro de Investigación en Computación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, Mexico
Matthews J.A.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
Miranda-Romagnoli P.:
Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico
Moreno E.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Mostafá M.:
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Nayerhoda A.:
Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, IFJ-PAN, Krakow, Poland
Nellen L.:
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Newbold M.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
Nisa M.U.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
Noriega-Papaqui R.:
Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico
Pretz J.:
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Pérez-Pérez E.G.:
Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca, Pachuca, Mexico
Ren Z.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
Rho C.D.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
Rivière C.:
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Rosa-González D.:
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
Rosenberg M.:
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Ruiz-Velasco E.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Salesa Greus F.:
Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, IFJ-PAN, Krakow, Poland
Sandoval A.:
Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Schneider M.:
Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
Schoorlemmer H.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Seglar Arroyo M.:
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Sinnis G.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
Smith A.J.:
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
Springer R.W.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
Surajbali P.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Taboada I.:
School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
Tibolla O.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Tollefson K.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
Torres I.:
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
Vianello G.:
Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
Villaseñor L.:
Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
Weisgarber T.:
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Werner F.:
Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
Westerhoff S.:
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Wood J.:
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Yapici T.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
Yodh G.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
Zepeda A.:
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
Physics Department, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
Zhang H.:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
Zhou H.:
Physics and Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
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