Clonazepam for the treatment of panic disorder


Por: Nardi A.E., Machado S., Almada L.F., Paes F., Silva A.C., Marques R.J., Amrein R., Freire R.C., Martin-Santos R., Cosci F., Hallak J.E., Crippa J.A., Arias-Carrión O.

Publicada: 1 ene 2013
Resumen:
Clonazepam was initially licensed as an anti-epileptic agent, but its use in a wide variety of psychiatric conditions, including panic disorder (PD) has now been well established. This overview evaluates the current role of clonazepam alone or in combination with antidepressants and/or behavioral therapy in the treatment of PD. We review the data establishing the use of clonazepam in the treatment of PD as well as new information, particularly confirmation of longterm efficacy and safety. We also discuss a regimen for safely tapered withdrawal of clonazepam, the characteristics of the respiratory subtype of PD, and CO2-induced panic attacks as a diagnostic measure and predictor for therapeutic success. It has been shown that panic attacks can more readily be induced by CO2 in PD patients with the respiratory subtype than those with the non-respiratory subtype. More than 25 years after the first report of efficacy in PD in 1984, clonazepam, alone or combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and/or behavioral therapy, remains an important therapeutic modality for the management of PD. © 2013 Bentham Science Publishers.

Filiaciones:
Nardi A.E.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Machado S.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

 Quiropraxia Program of Faculty of Medical Sciences, Central University (UCEN), Santiago, Chile

 Institute of Philosophy of Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

 Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil

Almada L.F.:
 Institute of Philosophy of Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Paes F.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Silva A.C.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Marques R.J.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

 Brazilian institute of Medicine and rehabilitation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Amrein R.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Freire R.C.:
 Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Martin-Santos R.:
 Inst. of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Bio. August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

Cosci F.:
 Department of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Hallak J.E.:
 Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), São Paulo, Brazil

Crippa J.A.:
 Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), São Paulo, Brazil

Arias-Carrión O.:
 Movement Disorders and Transcraneal Magnetic Stimulation Unit, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, México D.F., Mexico
ISSN: 13894501
Editorial
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD, EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES
Tipo de documento: Review
Volumen: 14 Número: 3
Páginas: 353-364
WOS Id: 000316874200007
ID de PubMed: 23256724