Molecular systematics and historical biogeography of the genus Gerrhonotus (Squamata: Anguidae)
Por:
García-Vázquez U.O., Nieto-Montes de Oca A., Bryson R.W., Jr., Schmidt-Ballardo W., Pavón-Vázquez C.J.
Publicada:
1 jul 2018
Resumen:
Aim Multiple geological and climatic events have created geographical or
ecological barriers associated with speciation events, playing a role in
biological diversification in Mexico. Here, we evaluate the influence of
Neogene geological events and of Pleistocene climate change in the
diversification of the genus Gerrhonotus using molecular dating and
ancestral area reconstruction.
Location Mexico and south-central United States.
Methods A multilocus sequence dataset was generated for 86 individuals
of Gerrhonotus from most Mexican biogeographical provinces and belonging
to five of the seven currently recognized species, as well as two
putative undescribed species. Phylogeographical structure was explored
using Poisson-Tree-Processes molecular species delimitation. Divergence
events were estimated based on the fossil record using a relaxed
uncorrelated lognormal clock. Ancestral areas were estimated at
divergence events across the tree using a probabilistic Bayesian
approach.
Results Extensive geographical structure was evident within three
well-supported clades. These clades probably diverged from each other in
the early to mid-Miocene, and their divergence was followed by six
divergences in the late Miocene and eight divergences in the Pliocene.
The ancestral origin of Gerrhonotus with keeled dorsal scales
(keeled-scale Gerrhonotus) was reconstructed to be across the Pacific
Coast Province. Our phylogenetic analyses did not support the monophyly
of Gerrhonotus.
Main conclusions Miocene and Pliocene geomorphology, perhaps in
conjunction with climate change, appears to have induced allopatric
divergence on a relatively small spatial scale in this genus. The late
Miocene-Pliocene reduction in the highlands along the Tehuantepec fault
probably created a large marine embayment that led to an early
divergence in a clade of Gerrhonotus. Our analysis suggests uplifting of
the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt during this same time period resulted in
additional diversification. This was followed by more recent,
independent colonization events in the Pliocene from the Mexican Plateau
to the Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre Occidental, Tamaulipas and
Edwards Plateau provinces. A genus Gerrhonotus with the keeled-scale
species in addition to Coloptychon rhombifer (= G. rhombifer) is
strongly supported. Inclusion of the smooth dorsal-scale species in the
genus is uncertain and maintained only tentatively.
Filiaciones:
García-Vázquez U.O.:
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de Posgrados, Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular, Unidad Multidisiplinaria de Investigación Experimental, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
Nieto-Montes de Oca A.:
Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
Bryson R.W.:
Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Jr.:
Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Schmidt-Ballardo W.:
Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
Pavón-Vázquez C.J.:
Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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