New insights into the Kawah Ijen hydrothermal system from geophysical data
Por:
Caudron, Corentin, Mauri, Guillaume, Williams-Jones, Glyn, Lecocq, Thomas, Syahbana, Devy Kamil, De Plaen, Raphael, Peiffer, Loic, Bernard, Alain, Saracco, Ginette
Publicada:
1 ene 2017
Resumen:
The magmatic-hydrothermal system of Kawah Ijen volcano is one of the
most exotic on Earth, featuring the largest acidic lake on the planet, a
hyper-acidic river and a passively degassing silicic dome. While
previous studies have mostly described this unique system from a
geochemical perspective, to date there has been no comprehensive
geophysical investigation of the system. In our study, we surveyed the
lake using a thermocouple, a thermal camera, an echo sounder and CO2
sensors. Furthermore, we gained insights into the hydrogeological
structures by combining self-potential surveys with ground and water
temperatures. Our results show that the hydrothermal system is
self-sealed within the upper edifice and releases pressurized gas only
through the active crater. We also show that the extensive hydrological
system is formed by not one but three aquifers: a south aquifer that
seems to be completely isolated, a west aquifer that sustains the acidic
upper springs, and an east aquifer that is the main source of fresh
water for the lake. In contrast with previous research, we emphasize the
heterogeneity of the acidic lake, illustrated by intense subaqueous
degassing. These findings provide new insights into this unique,
hazardous hydrothermal system, which may eventually improve the existing
monitoring system.
Filiaciones:
Caudron, Corentin:
Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, 50 Nanyang Ave,Block N2-01a-15, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Royal Observ Belgium, Seismol Sect, 3 Ave Circulaire, B-1180 Uccle, Belgium
Univ Libre Bruxelles, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 50 Ave 9 Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Mauri, Guillaume:
Univ Neuchtel, Ctr Hydrogeol & Geotherm, Neuchtel, Switzerland
Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
Williams-Jones, Glyn:
Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
Lecocq, Thomas:
Royal Observ Belgium, Seismol Sect, 3 Ave Circulaire, B-1180 Uccle, Belgium
Syahbana, Devy Kamil:
Minist Energy & Mineral Resources, Geol Agcy, Ctr Volcanol & Geol Hazard Mitigat, Jalan Diponegoro 57, Bandung 40122, Indonesia
De Plaen, Raphael:
Univ Luxembourg, Fac Sci Technol & Commun, 6 Rue Richard Coudenhove Kalergi, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Peiffer, Loic:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Energias Renovables, Privada Xochicalco S-N, Temixco 62580, Morelos, Mexico
Bernard, Alain:
Univ Libre Bruxelles, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 50 Ave 9 Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Saracco, Ginette:
AMU, CNRS UMR7330, CEREGE, Equipe Modelisat,Europole Arbois, BP 80, F-13545 Aix En Provence 4, France
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