Dietary contribution of supplements in hospitalized elderly patients [Aporte dietético de suplementos en pacientes ancianos hospitalizados]
Por:
Farriol M., Pons M., Martínez M., Roca N., Delgado G.
Publicada:
1 ene 2006
Resumen:
Background and aim: The prevalence of hospital malnutrition together with advanced age makes elderly patients undergoing major surgery a high-risk population with an adverse clinical evolution and greater associated mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional supply provided by a hospital diet plus supplements in elderly patients at risk of malnutrition during seven days of hospitalization. Material and methods: Two groups were studied: A) hospitalized patients who were undernourished or at risk of malnutrition (n=74) with a mean age of 74.8±12.2 years (53% men) and B) a control group (n=70) with a mean age of 60.8±10.8 years (50% men). Macronutrients were prescribed and quantified according to the nomenclature of the hospital diet code. Ingestion was estimated qualitatively following an interview with the patient, and quantitative results were estimated using the DietSource software (1.2). The nutrients provided by the nutritional supplement administered (1-3 times per day) were added to this calculation. The following diets were administered: baseline (n=20), bland III (n=19), liquid (n=14), bland II (n=6), diabetic (n=6), hyperproteic (n=5) and progression diets (n=4). Results: The supplement most frequently used was Clinutren Dessert® (n=48). In the baseline comparison of the nutritional contribution between groups A and B, lower levels were observed in the hospitalized patients, with significant differences in all the variables except carbohydrates. The increase in energy supply following supplementation showed wide individual variability (6.9%-84.1%), but it increased the supply of all the nutrients (correlation coefficients: r=0.926 to r=0.984; P<0.05). Conclusions: In elderly hospitalized patients the nutritional supply provided by the diet is inferior to that defined in the international RDA. Nevertheless, with administration of dietary supplements, nutrition improves and approaches the theoretical requirements.
Filiaciones:
Farriol M.:
Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro Investigaciones Bioquímicas, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigaciones Bioquímicas, CIBBIM, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, E-08035 Barcelona, Spain
Pons M.:
Hospital Sagrat Cor, Servicio de Farmacia, Barcelona, Spain
Martínez M.:
Hospital Sagrat Cor, Servicio de Farmacia, Barcelona, Spain
Roca N.:
Hospital Sagrat Cor, Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
Delgado G.:
Asesor Externo, Barcelona, Spain
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