Influence of hard water on the bioavailability of enrofloxacin in broilers


Por: Sumano L.H., Gutierrez O.L., Aguilera R., Rosiles M.R., Bernard B.M.J., Gracia M.J.

Publicada: 1 ene 2004
Resumen:
To define the impact that use of different levels of hard water has on the bioavailability of the antibacterial, enrofloxacin, in poultry, an oral bioavailability-pharmacokinetic study of the drug was carried out. Two hundred fifty clinically healthy broilers, divided into 5 groups, were individually dosed orally with 10 mg/kg of enrofloxacin diluted to 0.1%. The enrofloxacin was diluted with water of increasing hardness in accordance with an international grading system. After dosing, blood samples were obtained at predetermined times. Serum was recovered and quantified for enrofloxacin by means of an agar diffusion bacteriological method. The composite serum concentrations of enrofloxacin and metabolites vs. time relationships were analyzed using software for compartmental pharmacokinetics. Results show that there were statistically significant differences in the following pharmacokinetic variables: maximal serum concentrations (Csmax), area under the time vs. concentration curves, and half-lives of the elimination phases. The means of these values showed a linear decay of Csmax from one group to the next as water hardness increased. Chemical analysis of water calcium and magnesium ions revealed the formation of coordination groups. Lack of interference with the microbiological activity in vitro of enrofloxacin diluted in hard water indicated that diminished absorption may be partly responsible for reduction in bioavailability. These results stress the need for proper water supply when enrofloxacin is used and point out a factor that must be taken into account when clinical outcomes do not comply with expectations.

Filiaciones:
Sumano L.H.:
 Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Veterinary College, Natl. Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Gutierrez O.L.:
 Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Veterinary College, Natl. Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Aguilera R.:
 Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Veterinary College, Natl. Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Rosiles M.R.:
 Department of Toxicology, Veterinary College, Natl. Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Bernard B.M.J.:
 Departament of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, Natl. Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Gracia M.J.:
 Departament of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, Natl. Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
ISSN: 00325791
Editorial
POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC, 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 83 Número: 5
Páginas: 726-731
WOS Id: 000221017300003
ID de PubMed: 15141828
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